【题目】阅读下面这首宋诗,完成下列各题。
送子由使契丹 苏 轼
云海相望寄此身,那因远适更沾巾。
不辞驿骑凌风雪,要使天骄识凤麟。
沙漠回看清禁月①,湖山应梦武林春②。
单于若问君家世,莫道中朝第一人③。
【注】①清禁:皇宫。苏辙时任翰林学士,常出入宫禁。②武林:杭州的别称。苏轼时知杭州。③唐代李揆被皇帝誉为“门地、人物、文学皆当世第一”。后来入吐蕃会盟,酋长问他:“闻唐有第一人李揆,公是否?”李揆怕被扣留,骗他说:“彼李揆,安肯来邪?”
(1)本诗尾联用了唐代李揆的典故,以下对此进行的赏析不正确的两项是
A.本联用李揆的典故准确贴切,因为苏轼兄弟在当时声名卓著,与李揆非常相似。
B.中原地域辽阔,人才济济,豪杰辈出,即使卓越如苏轼兄弟,也不敢自居第一。
C.从李揆的典故推断,如果苏辙承认自己的家世第一,很有可能被契丹君主扣留。
D.苏轼告诉苏辙,作为大国使臣,切莫以家世傲人,而要展示出谦恭的君子风度。
E.苏轼与苏辙兄弟情深,此时更为远行的弟弟担心,希望他小心谨慎,平安归来。
(2)本诗首联表现了诗人什么样的性格?请加以分析。
答:_____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
(1)BD
(2)表现了诗人旷达的性格,苏轼兄弟情谊深重,但诗人远在杭州,与在京城的苏辙已是天各一方。这次虽是远别,诗人表示也不会作儿女之态,悲伤落泪。
【解析】
(1)应结合全诗以及典故的内容分析。B项“即使卓越如苏轼兄弟,也不敢自居第一”错,诗歌的标题是“送子由使契丹”,而典故中李揆因担心被扣留,不承认自己是“唐第一人李揆”,可见诗人此时运用典故的目的应与李揆有相同之处。D项“切莫以家世傲人,而要展示出谦恭的君子风度”有误,这两个选项都忽视了子由出使契丹这一背景以及李揆典故的内容。
(2)这题的考查范围是“本诗首联”,答题内容为“表现了诗人什么样的性格”,还要加以分析。从首联“云海相望寄此身,那因远适更沾巾”两句诗中可以看出,苏轼兄弟虽然情谊很深,但大丈夫应放眼天下,兄弟宦游四海,天各一方,已是常事,苏辙此去,虽为远别,但暂作分离,一向乐观旷达的苏轼自然不作儿女之态,这次也不会因远别而悲伤落泪。
首联两句诗主要表现了苏轼忠于国家、旷达豪迈、顾全大局的性格,分析的文字不宜太多,要简约到位。
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