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【题目】读我国北方某地区的部分资料,据此回答下列问题。

年份

森林覆

盖率

耕地

面积

年降

水量

气温年

较差

河流含

沙量

粮食平

均亩产

粮食总

产量

1985

19%

333km2

520mm

38

10%

205kg

1.025亿kg

1995

10%

478km2

450mm

42

35%

135kg

0.975亿kg

【1】上述资料表明导致该地区近十年粮食平均亩产量下降的主要原因是

A.退耕还牧的面积增大 B.人口增长过快

C.气候发生异常,出现水旱灾害 D.毁林开荒现象严重

【2】根据表格内容分析森林覆盖率的变化对该区环境产生的影响是

A.气温年较差减小 B.河流含沙量增大

C.年降水量增加 D.地下水增加

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【解析】

试题分析:

【1】根据图表信息可知,植被覆盖率减小,耕地面积增加,河流含沙量增加等信息分析可知是由于破坏植被,毁林开荒。故选D。

【2】读图可知,森林覆盖率降低,气温年较差变大,A错。由于植被破坏,造成水土流失,河流含沙量增加,B对。降水量减少,C错。由于森林破坏,地表径流增大,下渗减少,地下水减少,D错。故选B。

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