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【题目】如图是在牛顿著作里画出的一副原理图图中表示出从高山上用不同的水平速度抛出的物体的轨迹物体的速度越大,落地点离山脚越远当速度足够大时,物体将环绕地球运动,成为一颗人造地球卫星若卫星的运动可视为匀速圆周运动,已知:引力常数;地球质量;地球半径;地球表面处重力加速度;地球自转周期,则由上述数据可以计算出第一宇宙速度的是

A.①②③ B.①②⑤

C.①④ D.③⑤

【答案】A

【解析】根据万有引力提供向心力,结合地球的质量和半径求出地球的第一宇宙速度,根据重力提供向心力,结合地球表面的重力加速度和地球的半径求出第一宇宙速度根据万有引力提供向心力得,,第一宇宙速度v=,则已知地球的质量、半径和引力常数,可以求出第一宇宙速度根据重力提供向心力得,mg=,解得第一宇宙速度v=,已知地球表面的重力加速度和地球的半径,可以求出第一宇宙速度故A正确,BCD错误故选:A

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