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    【题目】海地当地时间2010年1月12日16时53分发生里氏7.3级地震，首都太子港及全国大部分地区受灾情况严重。地震发生后，国际社会纷纷伸出援手，向海地提供人道主义援助。据此回答下列问题。

    【1】地方救灾办公室能迅速、准确地掌握受灾范围、面积等情况，所利用的技术手段主要是：

    A．遥感技术

    B．全球定位技术

    C．地理信息系统

    D．卫星通信技术

    【2】在营救地震被困人员的过程中，利用的现代地理信息技术主要是：

    ①GIS技术 ②GPS技术 ③RS技术 ④“数字地球”技术

    A．①③ B．①④ C．③④ D．①②

    【答案】

    【1】A

    【2】D

    【解析】

    试题分析：

    【1】 遥感技术是在距离地球一定距离的飞机、飞船、卫星上，使用光学仪器和电子仪器，接收地面物体发射或反射的电磁波信号，以图象胶片或数据磁带形式记录下来，传送到地面，最后通过分析，揭示出物体的特征、性质以及变化．地震发生后，通过遥感技术可获得地面的图象，在遥感影像上，不同地物有不同的影像特征。根据图象分析出灾情，进一步采取相关措施，故A项正确。

    【2】在营救地震被困人员的过程中，可利用GIS技术进行查询交通状况、救援车辆的位置、受灾地域的空间分布等，然后制定救援方案；可利用GPS技术对被困人员的精确定位，有针对性的进行救援。故D项正确。

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