【题目】（8分）请根据下列资料回答问题。
据科学报道，人体内合成核酸有两种途径，即“从头合成途径”（细胞先合成碱基，再合成核苷，进一步合成核苷酸，最后合成核酸）和“补救合成途径”（从肠道吸收外源的碱基、核苷、核苷酸，进一步合成核酸）。从头合成途径既复杂又非常消耗机体能量，补救合成途径既简单又节能，尤其是骨髓、淋巴、红细胞、小肠和脑等组织细胞没有从头合成能力，只能利用补救途径合成核酸。由于人体的调节作用，只要从肠道吸收的核酸分解物够用，就没有必要从头合成碱基、核苷和核苷酸，因而具有从头合成途径能力的组织细胞得以利用补救途径合成核酸，以满足人体代谢活动的需要。
（1）DNA带有大量的遗传信息，有人想通过吃DNA来获得好的遗传信息。你认为这一观点对吗？为什么？_______________________________________________________________。
（2）有些核酸保健品注明其具有“增强基因（遗传信息）自主修复能力”的功能。请你收集有关信息，分析这种说法是否有道理。_______________________________________________。
（3）根据材料，分析有关核酸保健品对人体有利的方面。__________________________________。
【答案】（除标明外，每空2分，共8分）
（1）不对。DNA是一种大分子有机化合物，只有具有特定结构的DNA分子才能携带大量的遗传信息。另外人体摄食的DNA，不能直接被吸收，而要在消化道内被分解成可吸收的小分子有机物，主要的是碱基、核苷、核苷酸等，这样DNA的结构就被破坏了，其带有的遗传信息也就不存在了。所以上述说法是错误的。（4分）
（2）没有道理，核酸保健品主要是提供一些合成核酸的原料，至于合成具有何种遗传信息的核酸，取决于人体自身的遗传信息。
（3）它可起到节能和减轻机体负担的作用。
【解析】（1）DNA是一种大分子有机化合物，在消化道内被分解成小分子有机物（脱氧核糖、磷酸、碱基）后才能被吸收，分解过程中，DNA分子特定的脱氧核苷酸排序所代表的遗传信息被破坏。所以，不能通过吃DNA来获得好的遗传信息。（2）核酸在人体内的合成与修复过程取决于生物自身所具有的遗传信息，与从食物中获取什么样的合成原料无关。（3）核酸保健品对人体有利的方面很多，如节能和减轻机体负担等。
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