【题目】落实科学发展观,转变经济增长方式,建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会是今后社会发展的总趋势。结合世界能源消费构成比例图,回答下列问题。
【1】关于世界能源消费构成的变化，下列叙述正确的是( )
①20世纪世界能源消费构成的主体是煤炭
②能源的消费地位能够体现一个时代的经济发展水平
③目前煤炭的能源地位下降主要是因为其储量小,开采量减小
④未来，在世界能源消费构成中太阳能、核能、生物能等新能源所占的比例会逐步上升
A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①②③④
【2】针对我国能源利用现状,应采取的最根本措施是( )
①调整能源消费结构,积极开发利用新能源 ②只使用廉价、清洁燃料
③调整工业结构,控制高耗能企业的盲目发展 ④关停所有高耗能企业,达到节约能源的目的
A.①③ B.①② C.②④ D.①④
【答案】
【1】C
【2】A
【解析】
试题分析：
【1】读图可知，20世纪世界能源消费构成中煤炭的比例最高，所以世界能源消费构成的主体是煤炭，①对。从世界能源消费构成的变化可以看出，随着经济发展水平的提高，新能源所占比例越高，所以能源的消费地位能够体现一个时代的经济发展水平，②对。目前煤炭的能源地位下降主要是因为其对环境影响大，③错。未来，在世界能源消费构成中由于化石燃料的非可再生性，加之对于环境的影响，太阳能、核能、生物能等新能源所占的比例会逐步上升，④对。故选C。
【2】我国能源利用现状是仍然以煤炭为主，且能源利用率较低，浪费严重。所以我国应当调整能源消费结构,积极开发利用新能源，①对。调整工业结构,控制高耗能企业的盲目发展，③对。只使用廉价、清洁燃料和关停所有高耗能企业,达到节约能源的目的，不符合经济发展规律，②④错。故选A。
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