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【题目】某研究人员模拟肺炎双球菌转化实验,进行了以下4个实验:

①S型菌的DNA+DNA酶→加入R型菌→注射入小鼠

②R型菌的DNA+DNA酶→加入S型菌→注射入小鼠

③R型菌+DNA酶→高温加热后冷却→加入S型菌的DNA→注射入小鼠

④S型菌+DNA酶→高温加热后冷却→加入R型菌的DNA→注射人小鼠

以上4个实验中小鼠存活的情况依次是

A存活、存活、存活、死亡

B存活、死亡、存活、死亡

C死亡、死亡、存活、存活

D存活、死亡、存活、存活

【答案】D

【解析】①S型菌的DNA+DNA酶,DNA被水解,失去了转化作用,对后面加入的R型菌没有转化作用,R型菌无毒,注射入小鼠体内,小鼠存活;②R型菌的DNA+DNA酶,DNA被水解,不起作用,加入S型菌,有毒性,注射入小鼠体内导致小鼠死亡;③R型菌+DNA酶,DNA酶对细菌不起作用,高温加热后冷却后,DNA酶变性失活,R型菌被杀死,但是R型菌的DNA有活性冷却后复性,加入S型菌的DNA,没有了R型活菌,不能转化,也就相当于把两种DNA注射入小鼠体内,两种DNA没有毒性,也不会转化小鼠的细胞,估计会被降解,小鼠存活;④S型菌+DNA酶→高温加热后冷却→加入R型菌的DNA→注射入小鼠,和③类似,也是两种DNA,无毒,小鼠存活。因此,D项正确,A、B、C项错误。

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