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【题目】Fe2O3和Cu2O都是红色粉末,常用作颜料,某校一化学实验小组通过实验来探究—红色粉末的成分,该粉末可能是Fe2O3或Cu2O或两者的混合物。探究过程如下:

查阅资料Cu2O溶于稀硫酸生成Cu和CuSO4,在空气中加热生成CuO。

提出假设 假设1:红色粉末是Fe2O3;假设2:红色粉末是Cu2O;假设3:红色粉末是Fe2O3和Cu2O的混合物。

设计探究实验 取少量粉末放入足量稀硫酸中,在所得溶液中再滴加KSCN试剂。

(1)若假设1成立,则实验现象是_____________。

(2)若滴加KSCN试剂后溶液不变红色,则证明原固体粉末中一定不含氧化铁。你认为这种说法合理吗?________。简述你的理由:_______________________。

(3)若固体粉末完全溶解无固体存在,滴加KSCN试剂时溶液不变红,则证明原固体粉末是________,写出发生反应的离子方程式:________________________。

延伸探究 经实验分析,确定红色粉末为Fe2O3和Cu2O的混合物。

【答案】(1)固体完全溶解,溶液呈红色

(2)不合理 因Cu2O与H2SO4反应会生成Cu,Cu可将Fe3+还原为Fe2+,故Cu2O、Fe2O3混合物溶于稀H2SO4,可能无Cu、Fe3+产生

(3)Fe2O3与Cu2O的混合物

Cu2O+2H===Cu+Cu2++H2O,

Fe2O3+6H===2Fe3++3H2O,

2Fe3++Cu===Cu2++2Fe2+

【解析】(1)Fe3+可与SCN生成红色配合物。(2)不合理,若是两者的混合物,因Cu2O可与稀硫酸作用生成Cu,Cu可将Fe3+还原为Fe2+,Fe2+不能与SCN反应生成红色配合物。(3)结合(2)的分析可知粉末一定是两者的混合物,否则若是Fe2O3,会出现红色;若是Cu2O一定有沉淀。

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