【题目】三江源自然保护区位于有“中华水塔”之称的青海省，是长江、黄河、澜沧江的发源地。这里是世界海拔最高的湿地和生物多样性最为集中的地区，被科学家誉为“生态处女地”。近年来，三江源地区过度放牧、淘金、采药、偷猎野生动物等现象屡禁不止。据此回答下列小题。
【1】关于三江源生态环境遭破坏产生的后果叙述正确的是( )
A.长江、黄河、澜沧江三条大江的径流增加，而地下水相应减少
B.地表蒸发更加旺盛，长江、黄河、澜沧江三条大江源头会干涸，长度也会缩短
C.由于这里野生动植物资源稀少，破坏后较容易再生并恢复原貌
D.植被减少、退化，既会造成荒漠扩大，又会导致水土流失
【2】关于三江源地区生态环境保护适宜采取的发展战略、措施，正确的叙述是 ( )
A.必须停止经济建设，将居民全部迁出自然保护区，切实保护环境
B.恢复和扩大天然植被，因地制宜调整产业结构，适量迁移当地居民
C.青藏铁路不应在此穿过，否则保护生态环境的规划将落空
D.要积极建设人工草场，恢复天然林，此地不能实施把生态优势变为经济优势的发展战略
【答案】
【1】B
【2】B
【解析】
试题分析：
【1】三江源是长江、黄河、澜沧江三条大江的水源地，生态环境遭到破坏后，三条大江的径流量将减少；由于湿地面积减小，地表蒸发更加旺盛，长江、黄河、澜沧江三条大江源头会干涸，长度也会缩短，B正确；三江源生态环境脆弱，破坏后不容易再生恢复原貌；三江源生态环境脆弱，植被破坏退化，会造成荒漠化扩大，因地形较平坦不易出现水土流失。
【2】环境问题是在发展中发展过程中产生的，应在发展过程中解决，停止经济建设不符合可持续发展战略；恢复和扩大天然植被，因地制宜调整产业结构，适量迁移当地居民，B正确；青藏铁路在此经过，可能会对当地的自然环境造成影响，但有利于经济发展，进而促进生态环境的保护；此地可以因地制宜的，把生态优势转变为经济优势。
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