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【题目】阅读下面材料,请概括宇宙诞生之初的四个阶段。(每点不超过8字)

按照一种颇有影响的理论的推测,宇宙之初是以一种无法想象的高速急剧膨胀。高速行驶的汽车突然急刹车,轮胎同地面摩擦会发热,这是汽车行驶的动能转化为热能的缘敌。同样,在膨胀停止时也会发生这种能量转移,这种灼热状态被称为大爆炸。随着温度的下降,原来分散地飞来飞去的基本粒子互相结合,诞生出质子和中子。温度下降到大约10亿度时,质子和中子互相结合,形成较大的原子核,宇宙中的氦元素和锂元素就是通过这样的核聚变反应合成出来的。像太阳这样的恒星也要靠核聚变反应合成元素产生能量来发出光和热。

第一阶段: 第二阶段:

第三阶段: 第四阶段:

【答案】急剧膨胀;(灼热的)大爆炸;诞生质子和中子;核聚变合成

元素。

【解析】此题要求概括宇宙诞生之初的四个阶段,其实属于提取关键词。 如何提取关键词,可采用如下方法:摘取中心,这种方法要注意准确地把握本段语言材料的中心,打叶削枝,摘取中心句或关键句,根据要求把多余的枝叶去掉,要注意从六句话中加以概括即可。

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