【题目】阅读下面的文言文,完成下列各题。
古之学者必有师。师者,所以传道受业解惑也。人非生而知之者,孰能无惑?惑而不从师,其为惑也,终不解矣。生乎吾前,其闻道也固先乎吾,吾从而师之;生乎吾后,其闻道也亦先乎吾,吾从而师之。吾师道也,夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎?是故无贵无贱,无长无少,道之所存,师之所存也。
嗟乎!师道之不传也久矣!欲人之无惑也难矣!古之圣人,其出人也远矣,犹且从师而问焉;今之众人,其下圣人也亦远矣,而耻学于师。是故圣益圣,愚益愚。圣人之所以为圣,愚人之所以为愚,其皆出于此乎!爱其子,择师而教之;于其身也,则耻师焉,惑矣。彼童子之师,授之书而习其句读者,非吾所谓传其道解其惑者也。句读之不知,惑之不解,或师焉,或不焉,小学而大遗,吾未见其明也。巫医乐师百工之人,不耻相师。士大夫之族,曰师曰弟子云者,则群聚而笑之。问之,则曰:“彼与彼年相若也,道相似也,位卑则足羞,官盛则近谀。”呜呼!师道之不复,可知矣。巫医乐师百工之人,君子不齿,今其智乃反不能及,其可怪也欤!
【1】对下列句子中加点词的解释,不正确的一项是( )
A.师者,所以传道受业解惑也 受:传授。
B.生乎吾前,其闻道也固先乎吾 闻:听说。
C.夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎 庸: 岂、哪。
D.是故圣益圣,愚益愚 益:更加、越发。
【2】下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说,不正确的一项是( )
A.学者,学有专长的人,与今天的专家学者意思相同。
B.句读,古人指文辞文辞休止和停顿处。
C.巫医,古代巫医不分。巫的职业以祝祷、占卜等为主,也用药物等给人治病。
D.士大夫,是古代中国对于社会上的士人和官吏的统称。
【3】下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是( )
A.开篇第一句“古之学者必有师”句首冠以“古之”二字,既说明古人重视师道,又针对现实,借古讽今。
B.“传道”二字,阐明道之有无是择师的唯一标准,一反时俗,将贵贱长少排出标准之外,为下文针砭时弊张本。
C.作者把“古之圣人”从师而问和“今之众人”耻学于师相对比,指出是否尊师重道,是圣愚分野的关键所在。
D.以为子择师而自己不从师作对比,指出“小学而大遗”的谬误;以巫医乐师百工之人与士大夫之族作对比,批判当时社会上轻视师道的风气。
【4】把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语
(1)是故无贵无贱,无长无少,道之所存,师之所存也。
译文:_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
(2)巫医乐师百工之人,君子不齿,今其智乃反不能及,其可怪也欤!
译文:_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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