【题目】(四川省雅安市高中2017届第三次诊断性考试)阅读下面这首宋词,完成各小题。
水龙吟
苏轼
小沟东接长江,柳堤苇岸连云际。烟村潇洒,人闲一哄,渔樵早市。永昼端居,寸阴虚度,了成何事。但丝莼玉藕,珠粳锦鲤,相留恋,又经岁。
因念浮丘①旧侣,惯瑶池、羽觞沈醉。青鸾歌舞,铢衣摇曳,壶中天地。飘堕人间,步虚声断,寒露风细。抱素琴,独向银蟾影里,此怀难寄。
【注】①浮丘:浮丘公,古仙人名。
【1】下面对这酋词的赏析不正确的两项是
A.上片开头五句写景:小沟、长江、柳堤、苇岸、烟村、早市。描绘出一辐开阔辽远,祥和而富有生 机的风景画。
B.在这样一个民风淳朴,景色极佳的小村,词人整天闲居无事,没有凡事纷扰,关心的唯有莼菜与玉藕等美食,过着寻常百姓的生活。
C.下片开头六句运用仙话寄托的笔法:词人此时被贬黄州,他想象着“浮丘”仙人式的、“瑶池”仙 境般的沉醉生活,再现了众“青鸾”穿着“摇曳”的“铢衣”,进入“壶中天地”而“歌舞”的缥缈美景。这反映出他遭逢大变,灵肉煎熬,想要逃避现实的心态。
D.“飘坠人间”三句,作者笔锋一转,由“仙境”陡然坠入“人间”,反照现实,过着“露寒风细”贫困的贬居生活,好不凄凉,可见当时的苏轼面临着精神和物质的双重困境。
E.整首词,词人采用以景托情,正反观照,杂以仙话寄托的手法,由景入情,由实入虚,以虚显情,由虚而实,层次井然,收到良好的艺术效果。
【2】此词系苏轼被贬黄州两年之时寄蹭友人所作,请结合全词分析词人情感。
【答案】
【1】BC
【2】(1)感叹光阴虚度,功业无成。上片运用以乐景写哀情的手法,词人面对美丽的乡村风光,却感叹自己“寸阴虚度,了成何事”。
(2)于苦闷中见旷达。词人虽然对自己当前的困境感到苦闷,但又从“ 丝莼”、 “玉藕”、“珠粳”与“锦鲤”的寻常百姓生活中,看到了一条值得留恋的人生道路。
(3)怀念京城生活。诗人想象的仙境生活亦可看作是对往昔和旧友痛饮沉醉的京城生活的怀念。
(4)想要超脱苦闷而不得的无奈。词人虽然借美食,仙境,回忆来自我疏解,甚至还要“抱素琴”向月独奏来遥慰旧友,但任有“此怀难寄”之感。
【解析】
【1】B项这里采用以乐景衬哀情的手法,表达了谪居的苦闷,C项逃避现实不合理,反映了东坡借仙人、仙境以疏解空虚苦闷的心态。
【2】解答此类分析感情的题目,首先要读懂全诗大意,然后参考诗题和注释结合作者身世进行分析,以及诗词的写作背景。此题中,答题时要抓住“被贬黄州”。在两年的贬谪生涯中,作者体会了人情冷暖,世态炎凉,结合这些来回答题目。
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