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    【题目】山西平遥古城是我国首批加入《世界遗产名录》的城市，目前人口达45000多人。但是为保护古城，专家计算它最多容纳20 000人。因此有一半以上的人需要迁走。据此回答下列各题。

    【1】山西平遥古城人口外迁，属于

    A.人口流动 B.环境移民 C.人口迁移 D.外籍劳工

    【2】造成该古城人口外迁的主要推力是

    A.人口过多 B.国家政策 C.居住条件差 D.文化背景的差异

    【3】有关影响人口迁移因素的叙述，正确的是

    A.自然因素历来不是影响人口迁移的重要因素

    B.社会经济因素在人口迁移中起主要作用

    C.交通和通信的发展，加强了人类地域间的联系，减少了人口迁移数量

    D.文化教育越落后，人口自发迁移的数量越多[

    【答案】

    【1】C

    【2】B

    【3】B

    【解析】

    试题分析：

    【1】环境移民是指由于人们赖以生存的自然环境恶化而引起的人口迁移，其原因包括自然灾害、生态环境恶化、环境污染等环境因素。山西平遥古城人口外迁，是为保护古城进行的人口外迁不能算是环境移民，B错。属于人口迁移，A错，C对。是本国居民，D错。

    【2】根据材料可知，是受国家政策的影响，因保护古城而进行的人口迁移现象，B对。人口过多、居住条件、文化背景不是迁移的推力，A、C、D错。

    【3】自然因素自古就是影响人口迁移的重要因素，A错。人口迁移的主要目的往往是改善物质生活条件，获得更好的经济待遇，以改善个人及家庭生活，经济因素起主要作用，B对。交通和通信的发展相对缩小了地区间的距离，减小了中间阻力，促进了人口迁移，C错。文化教育能改变人们对外界的认识，因此文化教育越落后，人口自发迁移数量越少，D错。

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