【题目】北京时间2016年11月14日，我们有幸观赏到非常罕见的“超级月亮”，这次满月是1948年以来离地球最近的一次满月。与月球绕地球公转轨道一样，地球绕日公转轨道也是一个椭圆。
【1】
A. 地球公转速度达到一年中最小值 B. 北极部分地区出现极昼现象
C. 太阳直射点在南半球并且向南移动 D. 接近冬至日
【2】
A. 北极圈的度数变为66°25′ B. 地球上太阳光直射的范围增大
C. 地球上寒带范围减小 D. 地球上温带范围减小
【3】
①北极圈及其以北地区出现极夜现象
②北半球各地昼长达一年中最大值
③南回归线及其以南各纬度地区，正午太阳高度达到一年中的最大值
④南极圈及其以南地区出现极夜现象
A. ①② B. ②④ C. ①③ D. ①④
【4】
A. 1∶2 B. 1∶1 C. 2∶1 D. 3∶1
【答案】
【1】D
【2】C
【3】B
【4】C
【解析】试题分析：
【1】地球运行到近日点时，时间为1月初，地球公转速度达到一年中最大值；南极部分地区出现极昼现象；太阳直射点在南半球并且向北移动；接近冬至日。
【2】若黄赤交角由现状变为23°35′，即黄赤交角变大，北极圈的度数变为66°25′；地球上太阳光直射的范围增大；地球上寒带范围变大；地球上温带范围减小。故选C。
【3】当太阳直射在北回归线上的时候，即北半球夏至的时候，北半球各地昼长达一年中最大值，北极圈及其以北地区出现极昼现象；南回归线及其以南各纬度地区，正午太阳高度达到一年中的最小值；南半球各地昼短夜长，南极圈及其以南地区出现极夜现象，选B。
【4】若北京时间为12时，则0点位于60°W，180°为16点，“今天”占16个时区，“今天”与“昨天”范围之比为16:8=2:1，选C。
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