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【题目】2010年11月1日零时,我国进行了新中国成立以来的第六次全国人口普查,此次普查的主要目的是查清十年来我国人口的数量、结构、分布和居住环境等方面的变化情况,为实施可持续发展战略,提供科学准确的统计信息支持。读有关材料,回答问题。

材料一:第六次全国人口普查主要数据于2011年4月28日发布。此次人口普查登记的全国总人口为1339724852人。比2000年第五次人口普查相比,10年增加7390万人。

材料二:目前我国超过60岁的老年人为1776亿,约占总人口的1326%,未来五年将是人口老年化加速发展期,城乡老年空巢家庭比例不断上升,人口将呈现老年化、高龄化、空巢化加速发展的新特征。

1人口普查不能弄清

A人口数量 B人口构成

C人口合理容量 D城市化水平

2材料一和材料二说明我国当前面临的主要人口问题为_______;_______

3材料二表明,人口老龄化、高龄化对社会经济发展的影响_______;_______

4面对日益严重的老龄化、高龄化问题,我国已经放宽生育控制,实施单独二胎政策,对此,你是否赞成?理由是什么?

【答案】

1C

2人口基数大,数量增长快; 人口老龄化

3社会赡养费用上升,政府财政压力增大;青壮年社会负担过重;

4赞成。可以减轻青壮年的社会负担;

不赞成。我国人口基数大,人口增长仍很快,将进一步加大人口与资源、环境之间的压力。

【解析】

试题分析:

1人口普查可以反映人口数量的多少,人口年龄和性别结构,城市人口和乡村人口的比重。人口合理容量:指一个国家或地区最适宜的人口数量,由资源状况、对外开放程度、消费水平等因素制约。人口普查不能弄清人口合理容量,故选C。

2由材料一可知,第六次全国人口普查全国总人口为1339724852人。比2000年第五次人口普查相比,10年增加7390万人。说明口基数大,数量增长快。由材料二可知,我国超过60岁的老年人为1776亿,约占总人口的1326%,说明人口老龄化严重。

3由于老龄化高龄化严重,劳动力占人口总比重低,会导致社会赡养费用上升,政府财政压力增大;青壮年社会负担过重,劳动力不足,影响经济发展。

4面对人口老龄化,专家提出的放宽计划生育、放开二胎的政策从正反两个方面来分析,理由充分即可。赞成主要从我国人口老龄化趋势严重角度分析。不赞成主要从我国人口基数以及资源、环境压力大角度考虑。

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