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【题目】阅读材料,回答下列问题。

材料一 《中国老龄事业发展十一五规划》中提到,从现在开始到2030年,是我国应对人口老龄化的战略准备期。准备期这个概念,是相对2030年到2050年人口老龄化最严峻时期而言的。到那个时候,人口老龄化程度将超过30%,解决老龄化问题的难度将更大。

材料二 2014年,我国出生婴儿性别比为115.88,截至2014年底,我国60岁及以上老年人口数量达到2.124亿,占总人口的15.5%。

(1)以上材料反映出我国人口发展中存在哪些问题_______

(2)我国提前进入老龄化社会,而且老龄化速度较任何国家都快。分析人口老龄化可能带来的社会问题,并根据我国实际情况提出应对老龄化问题的合理化建议_____________

(3)分析我国性别比失调的影响?你认为可采取哪些措施平衡性别比__________

【答案】 人口老龄化速度快,人口性别比例失调 问题:劳动力不足,国防兵员不足,社会养老负担加重。建议:延迟退休年龄;完善社会养老保障体系;关心、照顾老人,弘扬尊老爱老的优良传统 影响:造成将来男性婚配困难,影响社会秩序和社会经济结构。

措施:健全社会保障体系;消除社会性别不平等现象;加强文化教育,提高人口素质,改变生育观念;禁止非医学需要的胎儿性别鉴别

【解析】(1)014年,我国出生婴儿性别比为115.88,截至2014年底,我国60岁及以上老年人口数量达到2.124亿,占总人口的15.5%,说明我国人口老龄化速度快,人口性别比例失调。

(2)人口老龄化导致劳动力不足,国防兵员不足,社会养老负担加重,建议可以从延迟退休年龄、完善社会养老保障体系等方面回答。

(3)人口性别比失调影响社会秩序和社会经济结构,措施可以从健全社会保障体系、加强文化教育、改变生育观念等方面回答。

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