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    【题目】根据短文内容，从短文前的选项中为每段选出最佳的段落大意。选项中有一项是多余项。

    A. One small step you can take now.

    B. Doing something for the future.

    C. Living more simply.

    D. Save earth's natural resources.

    E. Change your lifestyle completely and buy what you like.

    F. Environmental friendly lifestyle and consumer choice.

    【1】 __________

    What is sustainable living? It’s living more simply where “simply” may be defined as “regularly”. It does not，however, mean that you go pack your backpack and tent and go live in the woods. It does not mean you stop eating meat and go vegetarian. It does not mean you give up the finer things in life. In plain words, living more simply is doing without the unnecessary things that you constantly surround your-self.

    【2】 __________

    Try to stick to a more earth-friendly lifestyle. You can go on ahead and buy the car of your dream(if you must!), but go slow on the gas pedal. You can cook all the food that you want but make sure nothing goes to waste. Go on and buy organicvegetable, but wouldn't it be better if you grow one in your backyard? Not buying anything ever again is not what sustainable living is. It is about weighing the pros and cons before buying any product with regards to ： how much you need it9 its impact on the environment and consideration about alternative products that are greener. Limit yourself.

    【3】 __________

    What is sustainable living? It is conserving the earth's natural resources for the futre generations. The earth's natural resources have been on the decline since man came to be. It has been said that the price of progress is the earth's natural wealth. Do you even know what the natural resources are? It is anything that is not man -made： air, water, land，plants, animals, fossil and more. As a responsible citizen of the world, you must take measures on saving our natural resources. This is not to say that you stop driving a fuel-powered car. Ask yourself these simple questions. Do you really need to take a long bath on a daily basis? Wouldn't a quick shower do?

    【4】 __________

    What is sustainable living? It is not focusing your attention on the past but doing something for the future. Start conserving energy. Save water! Aim for cleaner air! Buy only what you need when you need it. Use.Reuse. Recycle. What is sustainable living?It is doable. Each constructive action at your person-al and family level will eventually have an impact on the community you live and the rest of the world.

    【5】 __________

    We are all searching for ways to lessen our impact on the environment and do our bit for the planet. The best ways to achieve this are by taking small steps and doing things that are achievable and realistic.

    【答案】见解析

    【解析】【1】 C

    【2】 F

    【3】 D

    【4】 B

    【5】 A

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    【题目】阅读下面的文字，完成问题。

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    李淼

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    在更大的尺度上，宇宙虽然在膨胀，但天体的退行速度不严格遵循哈勃定律。宇宙的膨胀速度与宇宙中的能量组成有关，例如，普通物质使得宇宙膨胀的速度慢慢变慢，而暗能量会引起无所不在的斥力，使得宇宙膨胀的速度慢慢变大。当然，由于爱因斯坦的时空理论，不论在哪种情形，非常遥远的天体的退行速度不严格与距离成正比，宇宙学家有一整套公式可以用来计算这些退行速度。

    正是由于我们对理论的熟知，导致1990年代末发现暗能量，此时，哈勃用的造父变星已经不够用了，天文学家用非常遥远的超新星确定了宇宙膨胀的速度在加速！这个发现震撼了整个天文界和物理界，发现的三个主要人物在2011年获得诺贝尔物理学奖。

    在发现宇宙加速膨胀之前，物理学家早就建立了当时认为的成熟的宇宙学。这个宇宙学理论认为，我们的宇宙起源于一个发生在大约一百亿年前的大爆炸。在发生大爆炸的时候，宇宙还很小，物质密度异常高，也没有天体，只有一锅等离子原始电浆，里面什么粒子都有。

    这个理论是伽莫夫等人在1948年就提出来的，他们预言了几个轻元素在宇宙中的丰度，还预言了宇宙中无所不在的射电波，后来被称为宇宙微波背景辐射。

    （摘编自2013年4月4日《南方周末》，作者系中科院理论物理所研究员）

    【1】下列对作品内容的概括与分析，不正确的两项是（ ）（ ）

    A．近十年来，宇宙学家掌握的宇宙的细节超出了过去整个宇宙学史所掌握的，因此，能给出一个完整精确的宇宙进化史。

    B．作为航天器的WMAP深受宇宙学家们的喜欢，它可以在太空中观测宇宙中无所不在的射电信号。

    C．由于测量距离的关系，哈勃得出的宇宙膨胀速度与实际相差甚远，但他的退行运动的定性结论是正确的。

    D．普通物质使宇宙膨胀速度变慢，暗能量则使宇宙膨胀速度变大，这说明宇宙中的能量组成影响不了宇宙的膨胀速度。

    E．虽然遥远的天体的退行速度不严格遵循哈勃定律，但宇宙学家还是可以计算出这些退行速度。

    【2】结合全文，简要概括“因为在爱因斯坦那里，这个常数就是真空能量”这句话的含义并分析其语言特色。

    【3】精读“最初的宇宙学”部分，简述宇宙学理论的发展脉络。

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