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【题目】阅读下面的文言文,完成下列各题。

举进士,累擢吏部员外郎。乾符中选滥,吏多奸,岁调四千员,徽治以刚明,杜干请,法度复振。父蔚避地于梁,道病,徽与子扶篮舆,历阁路,盗击其首,血流面,持舆不息。盗迫之,徽拜曰:“人皆有父,今亲老而疾,幸无骇惊。”盗感之,乃止。及前谷,又逢盗,辄相语曰:“此孝子也!”共举舆舍之家,进帛裹创,以懂饮奉蔚,留信宿去。抵梁,徽趋蜀谒行在,丐归侍亲疾。会拜谏议大夫,固辞,见宰相杜让能曰:“上迁幸当从,亲有疾当侍,而徽兄在朝廷,身乞还营医药。”父丧,客梁、汉。终丧,以中书舍人召,辞疾,改给事中。张浚伐太原,引为判官,敕在所敦遣。徽太息曰:“王室方复,藏殚耗,当协和诸侯以为藩屏,而又济以兵,诸侯离心,必有后忧。”不肯起。浚果败复召为给是中扬复恭叛山南李茂贞请假招讨节伐之未报而与王行瑜辄出兵昭宗怒持奏不下茂贞亟请,帝召群臣议,无敢言。徽曰:“王室多难,茂贞诚有功。今复恭阻兵而讨之,罪在不俟命尔。臣闻两镇兵多杀伤,不早有所制,则梁、汉之人尽矣。请假以节,明约束,则军有所畏。”帝曰:“然。”乃以招讨使授茂贞,果宥功,然益偃蹇,帝使宰相社让能将兵诛讨,徼谏曰:“岐,国西门。茂贞凭其众而暴,若令万分一不利,屈威重奈何?愿徐制之。”不听。师出,帝复召徽曰:“今伐茂贞:彼众鸟舍,取必万全,卿计何日有捷?”对曰:“臣职谏争,所言者军国大体,如索贼平之期,愿陛下考蓍龟,责将帅,非臣职也。”既而师果败。

(节选自《新唐书·列传第九十九》)

【注】徽:指牛徽。柅(nǐ):止,遏制。廥(kuài):仓库。蓍(shī)龟:指卜筮。

1下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是(

A.浚果败/复召为给事中/杨复恭叛/山南李茂贞请假/招讨节伐之未报/而与王行瑜辄出兵/昭宗怒/持奏不下/

B.浚果败复/召为给事中杨复恭/叛山南李茂贞/请假招讨节伐之/未报/而与王行瑜辄出兵/昭宗怒/持奏不下/

C.浚果败/复召为给事中/杨复恭叛山南/李茂贞请假招讨节伐之/未报/而与王行瑜辄出兵/昭宗怒/持奏不下/

D.浚果败复/召为给事中杨复恭/叛山南/李茂贞请假招讨节伐之/未报/而与王行瑜辄出兵/昭宗怒持/奏不下/

【2】下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说,不正确的一项是

A.擢,提拔的意思,是指由原来的官职升到更高一级的官职,与”“同义。

B.行在是行在所的简称,即皇帝所在的地方,后来专指皇帝行幸所到之地。

C.敕,此处指敕令,是我国古代帝王诏令文书的名称之一,用于任官封爵和告诫臣僚等。

D.诸侯是古代帝王统辖下的列国君主的统称,此处诸侯指拥兵一方的割据势力。

【3】下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是

A.牛徽匡正时弊。他担任吏部员外郎时,处事刚直严明,杜绝官员选拔中的求取请托现象,使国家的法令制度得以重新振兴。

B.牛徽恪守孝道。他护送父亲去梁地途中被强盗打伤,但仍然抬着轿子;为了照顾父亲,他谢绝了朝廷的任命,直至办完父亲的丧事才赴任。

C.牛徽心忧国事。张浚讨伐太原时,牛徽认为王室正处于恢复时期,国库亏空,此时不宜用兵,应与各方诸侯和睦相处,以巩固边防。

D.牛徽洞察情势。在多事之秋,他建议皇上把招讨使符节授予李茂贞,让其平定叛乱,又劝谏皇上不要急于讨伐居功自傲的李茂贞,而应慢慢制约他。

【4】把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

1)共举舆舍之家,进帛裹创,以馇饮奉蔚,留信宿去。

译文:___________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(2)今伐茂贞,彼众乌合,取必万全,卿计何日有捷?

译文:___________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

1C

【2】A

【3】B

【4】1)强盗和牛徽一起抬着轿子,让他们(牛徽一家)住到自己家里,呈上布帛包扎(牛徽的)伤口,把稠粥和汤水进献给牛蔚(吃),留他们连住两夜才离开。(2)现在讨伐李茂贞,他的军队都是乌合之众,战胜他们一定万无一失,你考虑一下哪一天有捷报传来?

【解析】

1依据语境和文章的内容断句,尤其要正确理解需要断句处的内容,抓住相关断句的标志,将四个选项拿到文章中去比较,选出断句正确的一项。

【2】A项,’‘同义错。

【3】B项,办完父亲的丧事才赴任错。

【4】第(1)题,译出大意,译出台之”“信宿两处的准确含义。第(1)题,译出大意,译出万全”“两处的准确含义。译文语意通顺。

参考译文:

牛徽考中进士,经过多次提拔而担任吏部员外郎。乾符年间选拔官把不加节制,官吏中有很多奸猾之凡,每年选调官吏选四千人,牛徽用刚直严明(的态度)来治理(这个问题),杜绝委托求情,法令制度得以重新振兴。牛徽的父亲牛蔚到梁地去躲避祸乱.在途中生了病,牛徽与儿子抬着(牛蔚乘坐的)竹轿,经过栈道时,强盗击打他的头部,(牛徽)血流满面,(可)他仍抬着轿子不停步。强盗紧追不舍.牛檄对强盗行礼说:人人都有父亲,现在我的父亲年老而且生病了,希望不要惊吓他。强盗被他的话感动了,就不再追逼。到了前面的山谷,又遭遇强盗。(强盗们)于是互相转告说:这是一个孝子啊!强盗和牛徽一起抬着轿子,让他们(牛徽一家)住到自己家里,呈上布帛包扎(牛徽的)伤口,把稠粥和汤水进献给牛蔚(吃),留他们连住两夜才离开。抵达梁地,牛徽赶赴天子所在的蜀地谒见皇上,请求回家侍养生病的父亲。恰好被授予谏议大夫一职,他坚决推辞,拜见宰相杜让能说:皇上行幸他处应该随从,父亲有病应当侍奉,而且我的哥哥已经在朝廷做官,我请求回去为父亲请医问药。父亲去世后,牛徽客居梁、汉两地。为父亲守孝满三年后,朝廷征召牛徽担任中书舍人,牛徽以身休有病推辞,(后来)改任给事中。张浚讨伐太原,引荐牛徽担任判官,皇上下令当地官员督促牛徽赴任。牛徽叹息说:王室刚刚恢复,国库已经耗尽,应当与地方诸侯和睦相处并把他们作为屏障,可又要连续用兵,诸侯与朝廷不是一条心,一定会有后顾之忧。牛徽不肯赴任。张浚果然战败,朝廷又征召牛徽担任给事中。杨复恭在山南反叛朝廷,李茂贞请求朝廷授予招讨符节去讨伐杨复恭,还没等朝廷答复,他就与王行瑜擅自出兵了。昭宗发怒,拿着奏章不批。孛茂贞屡次请求,皇上召集群臣商议,群臣不敢说话。牛徽说:朝廷正处多事之秋,李茂贞确实有功劳。现在杨复恭依仗兵力作乱而李茂贞去讨伐他,李茂贞的罪过在于没有等待命令下达罢了。我听说两个藩镇的士兵乱杀无辜,(如果)不早一点有所控制,那么梁、汉两地的人就要(被)杀光了。请朝廷把招讨符节授予李茂贞,明确规章,那么军队就会有所畏惧。皇上说:对。于是把招计使的符节授予李茂贞,李茂贞果然平定了叛乱,但是他更加骄横,皇上派遣宰相杜让能率其讨伐他,牛徽劝谏说:岐地,是国都的西门。李茂贞凭借他的军队而(变得)暴虐,如果使他(对朝廷哪怕)有万分之一的不利,(而)使皇上的威严爱到挫伤怎么办?希望慢慢制约他。皇上不听劝谏。(讨伐李茂贞的)军队出发了,皇上史召见牛徽说: 现在讨伐李茂贞,他的军队都是乌合之众,战胜他们一定万无一失,你考虑一下哪一天有捷报传来?牛徽回答说:我的职责是劝谏,所谈的都是有关军事、国家的重要道理,如果询问平定叛贼的日期,希望陛下用占卜的方式去推求,责求将帅,这不是我的职责。不久,朝廷的军队果然被击败。

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