【题目】阅读下面的文字,完成各题。
大树对泥土的情谊
卢晓琳
1917年,牟善初出生在山东日照一个农耕家庭。1943年,牟善初从国立中央大学医学院毕业,当时毕业生有“军用”和“民用”两个去向,自己抓阄决定选择哪一个。牟善初抓到了“民用”,这让立下“奔赴战场,驱赶日寇,还我河山”志向的牟善初非常失望,恰好一位抓到“军用”的同学因种种原因不能从军,于是二人私下进行了调换。第二年,牟善初如愿奔赴云南腾冲抗日前线,当上了手术队上尉军医,在炮火纷飞的战场上,他和战友们抢救了一个又一个抗日军人的生命。
桃李不言,下自成蹊
1974年,牟善初调入解放军总医院工作。该院老年心内科名誉主任叶平深感牟老为祖国医学事业培育人才的赤诚之心,“牟老指导过无数学生的论文,无论多忙都对论文仔细修改和把关,但从不在文章中署名第一作者,他说要多把机会让给年轻人。”健康管理研究院主任曾强这样描述牟善初对学生的指导:“实验数据若有不准确,必须重算;实验动物缺失一只,必得补齐;论文中的每一个英文单词他都细心校正。”
95岁前,每天8点准时上班——“病人有事,随时叫我”
我国隋唐名医孙思邈曾云:“人命至重,有贵干金,一方济之,德逾于此。”牟善初的学生、解放军总医院老年心内科主任医师李小鹰永远忘不了1992年春节前的一次抢救。患者因肺心病心力衰竭,憋喘明显,经过几个小时的抢救仍无明显起色。血生化和动脉血气报告提示,复杂的酸碱平衡紊乱可能是重要诱因。心中没有把握的李小鹰拨通了牟善初家的电话,时已深夜两点钟,窗外大风卷着漫天雪花肆虐。“我马上就来。”牟善初在电话里说。当病区的电梯门打开时,李小鹰仿佛看到了“圣诞老人”:75岁的牟善初大步跨出电梯,羽绒服上落了一层厚厚的雪花,急切出门都没来得及换上棉鞋的牟善初,脚上的一双布鞋已然湿透。“老师见我第一句话是,‘病人怎么样了?’他仔细检查究病人后就指导我们抢救,直到病情稳定下来,就这样在病房守了一夜。”
令老年肾内科护士长张瑞芹非常震撼的是,牟善初一直到95岁,每天8点准时上班,每周三、五去病区查房、会诊,每次在病房里一站就是两三个小时,每两周还去一次药房了解新药。
“我和患者就像大树对泥土的情谊。”在牟善初90岁生日上,老人说的这句话让秘书周桂芳感慨不已。
在临床,时间全给病人
“治病救人不是索取,更不是交易,知识和技能是人民培养的,解除病人的痛苦是我应尽的责侄。”百岁老军医牟善初在回忆文章《暮年忆旧》里的话语铿锵有力,“我的座右铭是伟大教育家陶行知曾说过的,‘捧着一颗心来,不带半根草去’。”
在牟善初的二女儿牟小芬眼里,双休日里爸爸极少在家,更别提工作日下班后的时间了,她数不清有多少个深夜爸爸被急救电话叫到病房抢救病患。当记者想看看近期的“全家福”照片时,牟小芬有些无奈地笑着拿出唯一一张20世纪60年代初期拍下的“全家福”。面对记者的不解,牟小芬说:“爸爸除了忙临床的事,还要带研究生,好不容易有点空闲,也都用在了图书馆和他的书房。记得有次我生病了,希望爸爸带我到医院看病,他说病房冈巧刚收治了一位病危患者,要去抢救,让我自己到门诊找某巢医生。”
生活上极尽简朴的牟善初至今还穿着带补丁的衬衣扣袜子,但他对待群众从不吝啬。早在20世纪90年代初,牟善初就拿出5万元钱为家乡建希望小学。中国工程院颁发给牟善初1 5万元的奖金,他分文未取,全部捐给医院设立了“牟善初医疗保健科研奖励基金”,为年轻人的成长进步铺路架桥……
(摘编自《人民日报》)
相关链接
①在解放军总医院工作40余年,牟善初成绩斐然,多次获得国家和军队级科技进步奖,4次获中央保健委员会颁发的“特殊贡献奖”。但他对此看得很淡,不仅“支持”家人当旧物处理掉自己多年获得的荣誉证书,就连评院士的机会也不在意,至今仍是“医院院士墙上唯一不是院士的专家”。不过,在总医院人的心目中,牟善初不是院士,胜似院士。
(李师荀《百岁军医牟善初:“改写”老人寿命的医学泰斗》)
②20世纪70年代末,牟善初高瞻远瞩,组建了全军第一个老年医学研究室,如今已发展成为全国重点学科,成果一批又一批,享誉军内外、国内外。他主编了《现代老年急症学》《现代老年肾脏病学》《新编内科学》,参编著作10余部,发表论文百余篇,涉及的老年疾病有糖尿病、高血压痛、兔心痛、、骨质疏松、呼吸衰竭、肾功能衰竭等几十种。这些著作和论文,对预防和治疗老年疾病有很强的指导和推动作用。
(姜天骄《百年淬炼“医中大将”》)
【1】下列理解和分析,不符合原文意思的一项是( )
A.牟善初早就立下“奔赴战场,驱赶日寇,还我河山”的志向,后如愿以偿赶赴抗日前线,抢救军人生命,他不仅是一名医者,也是一位军人。
B.牟善初对学生论文的修改和把关从不马虎,具体到实验数据的准确性,实验动物数量的完整,甚至细心到每个英文单词的正误。
C.牟善初75岁那年,在接到医院的求助电话后,不顾深夜漫天飘雪,鞋都来不及换,连忙赶到医院,仔细检查病人情况,指导抢救。
D.牟善初一心扑在工作上,多在医院,极少在家,更别提陪家人了,“全家福”也只有一张早年拍下的,面对家人的埋怨他毫不在意。
【2】下列对材料有关内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是( )
A.牟善初有着赤诚报国的坚定信念和医者本色,也有大爱精神,他生活极尽简朴,却拿出资金建希望小学,设立基金鼓励年轻人。
B.牟善初参加工作以来,一直关注老年人的健康问题,20世纪70年代末,组建了第一个老年医学研究室,成果累累,享誉国内外。
C.牟善初编写医学著作,发表沦文,涉及几十种老年疾病,这对预防和治疗老年疾病有很强的指导和推动作用,因此获得多个国家级奖项。
D.牟善初花心思指导学生论文,但从不在文章中署名,连多年的荣誉证书也当旧物处理掉,甚至也不在意评院士的机会,可见他淡泊名利。
E.这则通讯介绍了牟善初的崇高人格和大情怀,激励着当代人,有较强的针对性和时代性,同时又通过牟善初周边人和亲人对他的描叙,增强了文章的可信度。
【3】请结合全文,谈谈你对“大树对泥土的情谊”的内涵的理解。
答:
【答案】
【1】D
【2】AE
【3】这是牟善初形容自己与患者的关系的句子,他说他离不开病人,他也是这样做的,牟善初是医林参天大树,患者就是泥土。两者是互相依存的关系,患者供给牟善初水分和养料,人民培养了他知识和技能,成就了他,牟善初也用自己的医术医德来回馈患者,捧着一颗心,解除病人的痛苦。
【解析】
【1】“面对家人的埋怨他毫不在意”无中生有。
【2】B项,“一直关注老年人的健康问题”文中无明确信息,且应是组建军中第一个老年医学研究室。C项,“因此获得多个国家级奖项”不准确,获奖可能是因为著作等,但并不是唯一的原因。D项,应是“从不在文章中署名第一作者”,把荣誉证书处理掉是家人的做法。
【3】“大树对泥土的情谊”是比喻的说法,牟善初是医林参天大树,患者就是泥土,两者是互相依存的关系,牟善初离不开人民,就像大树离不开泥土一样,是人民给了牟善初水分和养料,培养了他知识和技能,牟善初又用自己的医术医德来回馈患者,解除病人的痛苦。要抓住牟善初与人民像大树与泥土那样互相依存的关系的关键点来解答本题。
科目:高中地理 来源: 题型:
【题目】-Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.
- ______! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious. (2012 .江苏)
A. What a relief
B. Congratulations
C. How surprising
D. I'm so sorry
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【题目】We live in an age _______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. (2012.浙江)
A. why
B. when
C. to whom
D. on which
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科目:高中地理 来源: 题型:
【题目】【模拟试题】
阅读下面的文字,完成下列各小题。
西溪的晴雨
郁达夫
西北风未起,蟹也不曾肥,我原晓得芦花总还没有白,前两星期,源宁来看了西湖,说他倒觉得有点失望,因为湖光山色,太整齐,太小巧,不够味儿。他开来的一张节目上,原有西溪的一项;恰巧第二天又下了微雨,秋原和我就主张微雨里下西溪,好教源宁去尝一尝这西湖近旁的野趣。
天色是阴阴漠漠的一层,湿风吹来,有点儿冷,也有点儿香,香的是野草花的气息。车过方井旁边,自然又下车来,去看了一下那座天主圣教修士们的古墓。从墓门望进去,只是黑沉沉,冷冰冰的一个大洞,什么也看不见,鼻子里却闻吸到了一种霉灰的阴气。
把鼻子掀了两掀,耸了一耸肩膀,大家都说,可惜忘记带了电筒,但在下意识里,自然也有一种恐怖、不安和畏缩的心意,在那里作恶,直到了花坞的溪旁,走进窗明几净的静莲庵堂去坐下,喝了两碗清茶,这一些鬼胎,方才洗涤了个空空脱脱。
游西溪,本来是以松木场下船,带了酒盒行厨,慢慢儿地向西摇去为正宗。像我们那么高坐了汽车,飞鸣而过古荡、东岳,一个钟头要走百来里路的旅客,终于是难度的俗物。但是俗物也有俗益。你若坐在汽车座里,引颈而向西向北一望,直到湖州,只见一派空明,遥盖在淡绿成阴的斜平海上;这中间不见水,不见山,当然也不见人,只是渺渺茫茫,青青绿绿,远无岸,近亦无田园村落的一个大斜坡,过秦亭山后,一直到留下为止的那一条沿山大道上的景色,好处就在这里,尤其是当微雨朦胧,江南草长的春或秋的半中间。
从留下上船,回环曲折,一路向西向北,只在芦花浅水里打圈圈;圆桥茅舍,桑树蓼花,是本地的风光,还不足道;最古怪的,是剩在背后的一带湖上的青山,不知不觉,忽而又会得移上你的面前来,和你点一点头,又匆匆的别了。
摇船的少女,也总好算是西溪的一景;一个站在船尾把摇橹,一个坐在船头上使桨,身体一伸一俯,一往一来,和橹声的咿呀,水波的起落,凑合成一大又圆又曲的进行软调;游人到此,自然会想起瘦西湖边,竹西歌吹的闲情,而源宁昨天在漪园月下老人祠里求得的那枝灵签,仿佛是完全的应了,签诗的语文,是《庸风桑中》章末后的三句,叫做“期我乎桑中,要我乎上宫,送我乎淇之上矣”。
此后便到了交芦庵,上了弹指楼,因为是在雨里,带水拖泥,终于也感不到什么的大趣,但这一天向晚回来,在湖滨酒楼上放谈之下,源宁却一本正经地说:“今天的西溪,却比昨日的西湖,要好三倍。”
前天星期假日,日暖风和,并且在报上也曾看到了芦花怒放的消息;午后日斜,老龙夫妇,又来约去西溪,去的时候,太晚了一点,所以只在秋雪庵的弹指楼上,葫磨了半日之半。一片斜阳,反照在芦花浅渚的高头,花也并未怒放,树叶也不曾凋落,原不见秋,更不见雪,只是一味的晴明浩荡,飘飘然,浑浑然,洞贯了我们的肠腑。老僧无相,烧了面,泡了茶,更送来了酒,末后还拿出了纸和墨,我们看看日影下的北高峰,看看庵旁边的芦花荡,就问无相,花要几时才能全白?老僧操着缓慢的楚国口音,微笑着说:“总要到阴历十月的中间;若有月亮,更为出色。”说后,还提出了一个交换的条件,要我们到那时候,再去一玩,他当预备些精馔相待,聊当作润笔,可是今天的字,却非写不可。老龙写了“一剑横飞破六合,万家憔悴哭三吴”的十四个字,我也附和着抄了一副不知在哪里见过的联语:“春梦有时来枕畔,夕阳依旧上帘钩。”
喝得酒醉醺醺,走下楼来,小河里起了晚烟,船中间满载了黑暗,龙妇又逸兴遄飞,不知上那里去摸出了一枝洞箫来吹着。“其声呜呜然,如怨如慕,如泣如诉,余音袅袅,不绝如缕”,倒真有点像是七月既望,和东坡在赤壁的夜游。
【1】下列对散文相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏,不正确的一项是( )
A.作者在前半部分写雨中游西溪,以“微雨”为背景,通过自己的路上所闻,车里所见和船中所感,展现了西溪独特的野趣。
B.文章开篇谈到西湖“太整齐,太小巧,不够味”,引出雨中游览西溪的记叙,同时也表现了作者审美情趣是倾向曲折、博大和朦胧的。
C.参观古墓,闻吸到的是“霉灰的阴气”,给人以“恐怖、不安和畏缩的心意”,这段描写与后文雨中游西溪的描写形成对比,引出了后文感受到的野趣。
D.作者在文章收笔处,描述龙妇吹洞箫像东坡夜游赤壁。二者的相似在于洞箫声的幽咽和文人墨客寄情山水的雅趣。
【2】文章开头说“好教源宁去尝一尝这西湖近旁的野趣”。请概括作者微雨里游西溪,感受到哪些“野趣”。
答:__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
【3】有人说,本文记叙的两次赏游,无论是雨中,还是晴日,都让读者在感受美的同时,体会到了悠然的诗情。你是否同意这一观点,请结合文章谈谈你的理由。
答:__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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【题目】 Speaking in his first National Day Rally speech on 15 August, Prime Minister Lee Hsien said Singapore’s education system was set for more reforms in the years ahead, particularly for the primary and secondary education. Read the summary of his thoughts on education below.
For a start, the government is prepared to send an additional 3,000 teachers to Singapore schools, cut the courses of study even further and change the way the mother tongue, especially Chinese, is taught. But, for the changes to be successful, parents need to help.
Singapore has a devoted group of teachers and principles and quite a few of them are outstanding, but the Republic’s schools can be even better. To help the schools make a jump in quality, the government plans that within the next 6 years, it will send 1,000 more teachers to primary schools, 1,400 to secondary schools and 550 more to junior colleges. Each school would decide how to use its extra teachers. Some may want to make classes smaller so students get more individual attentions while others may have new teachers assist more senior teachers, but the overall goal is to give teachers the time and space to come up with ways to bring out the best in their students.
More teachers must not mean more homework, however. In fact, the Prime Minister wants to see the courses cut down so that there is less pressure on the students. Good grades are important but they should not be the only goal students have. PM Lee is convinced that “we must teach less so that our children can learn more.”
Another change will be in the teaching of the mother of tongue so that students can become more fluent. The key is to teach Chinese as a living language not just an academic subject like Latin. Therefore, the focus should be on speaking and reading the language. To do this, there must be an environment outside the classroom that is contributing to strengthening the Chinese lessons.
【1】The text is mainly about in Singapore.
A. the education reform
B. adding more teachers
C. the mother tongue
D. ways of teaching
【2】The general goal of using extra teachers is to .
A. make classes smaller
B. assist more senior teachers
C. teach more
D. help teachers improve teaching quality
【3】PM Lee holds that the students should .
A. do more homework
B. give up higher grades
C. study more courses
D. be given more time to learn more
【4】 The key to teaching Chinese well is to .
A. make it academic
B. have a creative environment
C. give more Chinese lessons
D. encourage speaking and reading a lot
【5】The measures to be carried out will have pressure taken off .
A. teachers
B. students
C. parents
D. the government
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【题目】Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they _______just be quiet people.
A. must
B. may
C. should
D. would
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【题目】 A 25-year-old student from Hubei was admitted into Tsinghua, China’s most famous university, after an eight-year . Li Jun comes from a poor family in a small village of Hubei Province. He first going to college in the year 2000 he was admitted by a local school after
from a secondary technical school at age 17.
As a art student, he passed the exam again next year but ____
school due to economic pressures in September 2002. Life seemed but Li didn’t give up. He earned a by working part time in Wuhan’s art rooms and tutoring students. But he never lost sight of his lifelong dream of the Academy of Arts & Design of Tsinghua University. Li
the college entrance examination for five continuous years starting from 2003. , he missed making the cut one mark last year.
In 2008, his fifth try, Li’s efforts . he finished the qualifying exam in his province and was finally admitted as a sculpture major into Tsinghua University. Every year, Li took art in Beijing and took exams from December to March. He then took cultural courses in his school till June. The rest of the year he spent on work. Li said he hadn’t any money from his family since he graduated from the technical secondary school. Li said the reason he maintained for eight years was that he wanted to change his through knowledge.
by his contribution, Li Jun’s university him 9,000 yuan out of his tuition fees of 11,450 yuan. An eight-year struggle may have come to an end for Li Jun, but a new has now begun. Li said he would not worry about repaying loans at present. He wants to study well and more scholarships.
【1】 A. research B. struggle
C. service D. expectation
【2】 A. talked of B. told of
C. dreamt of D. knew of
【3】A. where B. when
C. that D. since
【4】 A. learning B. seperating
C. dating D. graduating
【5】 A. gifted B. surprised
C. interested D. easy going
【6】 A. went on with B. watched out for
C. dropped out of D. looked forward to
【7】 A. unfair B. hard
C. practical D. busy
【8】 A. value B. respect
C. freedom D. living
【9】 A. entering B. visiting
C. supporting D. pursing
【10】 A. turned to B. applied for
C. called for D. adapted to
【11】 A. Instead B. At times
C. However D. Besides
【12】 A. took off B. paid off
C. gave off D. sent off
【13】 A. ways B. programmes
C. success D. courses
【14】 A. full-time B. part-time
C. out of door D. all
【15】 A. asked for B. looked for
C. prayed for D. waited for
【16】 A. plan B. ideal
C. fate D. opinion
【17】 A. Encouraged B. Influenced
C. Accused D. Impressed
【18】 A. funded B. gave
C. paid D. cost
【19】 A. challenge B. life
C. case D. relationship
【20】 A. spend B. win
C. care D. use
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【题目】He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.(2013湖南)
A. wouldn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. couldn’t
D. mustn’t
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【题目】
Remember that it will make a good ________on others if you are very polite to everyone there.(2011 .江苏南通模拟)
A. action
B. effect
C. impression
D. expression
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