【题目】阅读下面的文言文,回答下列各题
壬戌之秋,七月既望,苏子与客泛舟游于赤壁之下。清风徐来,水波不兴。举酒属客,诵明月之诗,歌窈窕之章。少焉,月出于东山之上,徘徊于斗牛之间。白露横江,水光接天。纵一苇之所如,凌万顷之茫然。浩浩乎如冯虚御风,而不知其所止;飘飘乎如遗世独立,羽化而登仙。
于是饮酒乐甚,扣舷而歌之。歌曰:“桂棹兮兰桨,击空明兮溯流光。渺渺兮予怀,望美人兮天一方。”客有吹洞箫者,倚歌而和之。其声呜呜然,如怨如慕,如泣如诉。余音袅袅,不绝如缕。舞幽壑之潜蛟,泣孤舟之嫠妇。
苏子愀然,正襟危坐而问客曰:“何为其然也?”客曰:“‘月明星稀,乌鹊南飞’,此非曹孟德之诗乎?西望夏口,东望武昌,山川相缪,郁乎苍苍,此非孟德之困于周郎者乎?方其破荆州,下江陵,顺流而东也,舳舻千里,旌旗蔽空,酾酒临江,横槊赋诗,固一世之雄也,而今安在哉?况吾与子渔樵于江渚之上,侣鱼虾而友麋鹿,驾一叶之扁舟,举匏樽以相属。寄蜉蝣于天地,渺沧海之一粟。哀吾生之须臾,羡长江之无穷。挟飞仙以遨游,抱明月而长终。知不可乎骤得,托遗响于悲风。”
【1】下列各句中,加点字的意义解释不正确的一项是( )
A.水波不兴 兴:起。
B.纵一苇之所如 如:往。
C.顺流而东也 东:向东。
D.正襟危坐 危:端正。
【2】下列加点的词语,用法和意义都相同的一组是( )
A.月出于东山之上 况吾与子渔樵于江渚之上
B.扣舷而歌之 拔剑切而啖之
C.其声呜呜然 君知其难也
D.渺沧海之一粟 行李之往来
【3】下列对选文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是( )
A.第一段写夜游赤壁的情景,交代时间、地点、人物,展现了一幅诗情画意的夜游图,表达了作者夜游赤壁的兴奋之情。
B.作者饮酒乐极,扣舷而歌,抒发其思“美人”而不得见的怅惘、失意的胸怀。歌词里所说的“美人”实际上乃是作者的理想和一切美好事物的化身。
C.文章运用主客问答的方式,使行文结构波澜起伏,摇曳多姿;客的一番话是试图用曹操的经历说明人生短暂,要珍惜时间,创造“一世之雄”的伟业。
D.苏轼以江水、明月为喻,阐述了这样一个哲理:从事物变化的角度看,天地的存在不过是转瞬之间;从不变的角度看,则事物和人类都是无穷尽的。
【4】将文中画线句子翻译成现代汉语。
⑴纵一苇之所如,凌万顷之茫然。浩浩乎如冯虚御风,而不知其所止。
译文:___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
⑵寄蜉蝣于天地,渺沧海之一粟。哀吾生之须臾,羡长江之无穷。
译文:___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
【1】C
【2】C
【3】C
【4】⑴听任(任凭)小船在茫茫万顷的江面上自由飘动。多么辽阔呀,像是凌空乘风飞去,不知将停留在何处。⑵像蜉蝣一样寄生在天地之间,渺小得像大海中的一颗谷粒。哀叹我生命的短暂,而羡慕长江的流水无穷无尽。
【解析】
【1】东:东下,向东进军。
【2】C项均为指示代词,那;A项,介词,从/介词,在;B项,连词,表修饰/连词,表承接;D项,结构助词,的/用于主谓之间,取消句子的独立性。
【3】“试图用曹操的经历说明人生短暂,要珍惜时间,创造‘一世之雄’的伟业”不符合文意。
【4】第(1)题要准确译出重点词语“纵”“如”“凌”“茫然”“冯”“御”的含义,正确译出句意。第(2)题要准确译出重点词语“寄”“渺”“哀”“羡”的含义,正确译出句意。译文语意通顺。
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