【题目】2008年,我国旱涝灾害频发。往年易受洪涝影响的省区,如黑龙江、吉林、广西、湖南等地区,发生了罕见旱情,一些地区因旱灾出现临时饮水困难。与此同时,淮河发生了流域性大洪水,西南、西北等地发生了山洪灾害。据此回答下列问题。
【1】在我国,干旱与洪涝常相伴而生,其主要影响因素是( )
A.季风活动 B.地面状况
C.太阳辐射 D.海陆位置
【2】若发生的旱涝程度大致相同,对下列地区造成的灾害损失最严重的是( )
A.长江中下游平原 B.东北平原
C.黄土高原 D.云贵高原
【3】限制西北地区经济发展的稀缺性资源是( )
A.水资源 B.石油资源 C.天然气资源 D.太阳辐射能
【4】关于秦岭-淮河一线的叙述,错误的是( )
A.冬小麦与春小麦主要产区的分界线
B.大致与1月0℃等温线相吻合;是南方和北方、水田与旱地、传统水稻与小麦区的分界线
C.大致与800毫米等降水量线吻合;是湿润区与半湿润区的分界线
D.亚热带季风气候与温带季风气候、亚热带常绿阔叶林带与温带落叶阔叶林带的分界线
【答案】
【1】A
【2】A
【3】A
【4】A
【解析】
试题分析:
【1】我国旱涝灾害频繁,是因为季风气候导致的,季风气候降水季节变化大,年际变化大易出现旱涝灾害。故选A。
【2】旱涝程度大致相同,损失严重的地区是经济发达地区。选项中四个地区,长江中下游平原经济最发达,损失最严重。A项正确。故选A。
【3】西北地区处在内陆降水少,水资源缺乏,是限制性因素。A项正确。西北地区石油资源、天然气资源丰富。B项、C项错误。西北地区气候干旱降水少,晴天多,大气对太阳辐射削弱作用弱,太阳辐射能强,太阳辐射能丰富。D项正确。故选A。
【4】古长城是冬小麦与春小麦主要产区的分界线。A项正确。秦岭—淮河大致与1月0℃等温线相吻合;是南方和北方、水田与旱地、传统水稻与小麦区的分界线;大致与800毫米等降水量线吻合;是湿润区与半湿润区的分界线;亚热带季风气候与温带季风气候、亚热带常绿阔叶林带与温带落叶阔叶林带的分界线。B项、C项、D项错误。故选A。
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