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    【题目】水资源开发利用率是指流域或区域用水量占水资源可利用量的比率。国际上一般认为，一条河流的合理开发限度为40％。而当利用率超过40%时，即表明严重缺水，可能制约经济发展，并导致社会稳定和环境安全问题。据材料回答下列各题。

    我国部分地区水资源开发利用率（2000年）

    世界平均

    中国平均

    河西走廊

    塔里木河

    准噶尔盆地

    海河流域

    水资源

    开发利用率

    30%

    20%

    92%

    79%

    80%

    95%

    22.【1】下列关于我国水资源开发的叙述，正确的是

    A．水资源可利用量均高于世界平均值

    B．水资源最紧缺的地区是准噶尔盆地

    C．解决水资源问题的核心是提高利用率

    D．解决水资源问题的根本措施是调水

    【2】海河流域水资源开发利用率高于塔里木河流域的原因是

    A．降水总量少

    B．降水年际变化大

    C．浪费更严重

    D．水资源需求量大

    【答案】

    【1】C

    【2】D

    【解析】

    试题分析：

    【1】我国西北地区水资源短缺，可利用量小，我国水资源最短缺的地区为华北海河流域；解决水资源问题的核心是提高利用率，所以C正确。

    【2】海河流域水资源开发利用率高于塔里木河流域的原因是海河流域工农业发达，对水资源的需求量大。

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