【题目】阅读下面的宋诗,完成后面的问题。
书 愤
陆 游
早岁那知世事艰,中原北望气如山。
楼船夜雪瓜洲渡,铁马秋风大散关。
塞上长城空自许,镜中衰鬓已先斑。
出师一表真名世,千载谁堪伯仲间!
(1)如何理解“书愤”之“愤”?它具体包含了哪些情感?
(2)请简要赏析本诗的起句和结句。
【答案】(1)“愤”为愤慨、愤懑之意。诗人矢志做“塞上长城”,北伐收复中原,但为投降派所阻,志向始终不能实现。尽管此时诗人已经年逾花甲,罢官退居多时,但一想到未能实现的北伐大计,心中的愤懑就无法遏止。因此,诗人愤而为诗,诗便尽是愤。(2)既有对投降派的控诉,也饱含了诗人报国无门、壮志难酬的悲愤心情。(2)《书愤》起句中的“世事艰”,暗指投降派把持朝政,为下文感慨“空自许”做了铺垫。“那知”写出了诗人对朝廷的失望和愤慨,照应了诗歌的主旨——“愤”。结句诗人用典明志,以诸葛亮自比。诗人以“鞠躬尽瘁,死而后已”自勉,表明至死也不放弃恢复中原的大志。诗人悲愤而不绝望,把诗情推向了高潮。
【解析】(1)诗歌的题目,可以包含时间、地点、人物、事件以及诗歌的题材等诸多信息,它往往交代了诗歌的基本内容。因此,通过对诗歌题目的内涵的揣摩,我们可以更好地去理解诗歌的主题和情感,感知诗人对生命、社会和生活的某种见解,甚至是诗人的某种理想、抱负等。“书愤”中的“书”为书写之意,“愤”为愤慨、愤懑之意,结合诗歌的写作背景、诗歌内容等就可以知道“愤”字包含的内容及情感。 (2)首联慨叹国事艰难,追述年轻时收复失地的豪情壮志。上句“那知”一词写出了诗人对南宋朝廷的失望和愤慨。“艰”字有艰难的意思,直接道出诗人经历的辛酸与坎坷,浓缩了因主战而受到的种种刁难、排挤和迫害。这两个词语暗含着对投降派迫害忠臣、阻挠北伐的卑劣行径的斥责。它是诗人“愤”的根源。结句“千载谁堪伯仲间”,一个反问句,既抒发了因奸臣当道,壮士报国无门而生的难言的悲哀,又可以从中看出诗人对诸葛亮的崇敬之情,说明了诗人虽屡遭挫折,但意志并未消沉。
科目:高中地理 来源: 题型:
【题目】补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。(两题任选一题作答;如果两题都答,则按第一小题计分)
(1)《荀子劝学》以蚯蚓为例,论证了为学必须锲而不舍,坚持不懈;同篇中与之相反的例证是:“ , , 。”
陆游《游山西村》中名句“”,既是描写实景实感,也可形容有困窘步入佳境的一种境界。
(2)韩愈在《师说》中说:从师与年纪无关,比自己年纪大的人,闻道在自己之先,要以之为师,而“ , ”。
《过零丁洋》一诗中,表现文天祥民族气节以及舍生取义生死观的千古名句是:“ , 。”
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【题目】补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。
(1)《庄子,逍遥游》指出“_____,_____”就像倒在堂舱地的-杯水,无法浮起一个杯子一样。
(2)白居易《琵琶行》中“_____,_____”两句,写的是演奏正式开始之前的准备过程。
(3)杜牧《赤壁》中“_____,_____”两句,设想了赤壁之战双方胜败易位后将导致的结局。
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【题目】Celebrating sleep
World Sleep Day, observed on 21 March, was created to bring attention to the growing number of sleep problems worldwide. Sleep is a natural part of human life, but many people in the modern world ignore its importance. As a result, sleep problems are increasingly common.
In 2002, scientists at the University of Athens in Greece conducted a survey of over 35,000 people in 10 countries around the world, including China, Belgium and South Africa. Of the people that responded to the survey, 24 percent said that they did not sleep well, and based on their responses, 31.6 percent were diagnosed with insomnia (失眠) and another 17.5 percent were diagnosed with borderline insomnia. In addition, 30.7 percent of survey respondents reported visiting a doctor for help with sleep problems and 11.6 percent said that they felt very sleepy during the day.
Overall, the survey found that many people suffer from the effects of poor quality sleep, some examples of which are being unable to fall asleep and waking up in the middle of the night. The main factors causing these problems are pressure from school or work and a fast pace of life, but noise pollution and light pollution also interfere with sleep and contribute to poor quality sleep. The survey’s findings are particularly troubling because large numbers of people were found to have difficulty sleeping at night. The short-term effects of this are tiredness and trouble concentrating. If this happens for a long time, the risk of gaining weight and /span>having a heart attack may increase.
There are many things you can do to improve the quality of your sleep. First, you should have regular sleep habits. Try to go to bed and wake up around the same time each day. You also need to make your bedroom a cool, dark, quiet place to sleep so that heat, light and noise do not disturb you. At night, you should also avoid things that contain caffeine, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and many soft drinks, as caffeine may keep you from sleeping.
Getting a good night’s sleep is important for everyone. By following the advice above, you can rest better at night and work better during the day.
根据短文内容,完成下列表格。
Topic | Content |
World Sleep Day | Owing to 【1】________ of the importance of sleep, people celebrated World Sleep Day, bringing attention to the increasing problems of sleep. |
Responses of the survey | Of 35,000 people in 10 countries in the world, there were 24% of the people【2】_______ from sleeplessness. 31.6 % were diagnosed with insomnia and another 17.5% were on the edge of insomnia. The【3】________ of the people feeling sleepy during the day is 11.6. 30.7 % reported【4】_______ to a doctor for sleep problems. |
【5】_______ causing sleep problems & their consequences | p>Under 【6】_______ from school or work, people may have sleep problems. Poor quality sleep also 【7】_______ from noise or light pollution. Feeling tired and sleepy, people have difficulty 【8】_______ on what they are doing. It is likely that sleepless people easily put on weight and have a heart attack. |
【9】_______ to take to improve sleep quality | Have regular sleep habits. Make your bedroom cool, dark and quiet. Avoid things 【10】_______ caffeine. |
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______
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【题目】阅读下面的诗歌,完成后面的题目。
胡风吹朔雪
鲍 照
胡风吹朔雪,千里度龙山。
集君瑶台上,飞舞两楹前。
兹晨自为美,当避艳阳天。
艳阳桃李节,皎洁不成妍。
(1)此诗写出了怎样的落雪过程?赞美了“朔雪”的哪一特点?
(2)刘履说:此诗“词虽简短,而托意微婉”。这“托意”的“意”是什么?
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【题目】阅读下面两首诗歌,完成后面的问题。
梅 花
陈 焕
云里溪桥独树春,客来惊起晓妆匀。
试从意外看风味,方信留侯①似妇人。
梅花绝句
陆 游
闻道梅花坼②晓风,雪堆遍满四山中。
何方可化身千亿?一树梅前一放翁。
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(1)这两首诗中的前两句分别写出了梅花绽放时的何种状态?请简要分析。
(2)这两首诗中的后两句是如何借助奇特的想象来表达诗人对梅花的喜爱之情的?请简要分析。
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【题目】See the flag on the top of the building. That was we did this morning.
A. when
B. which
C. where
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【题目】阅读下面的诗歌,回答问题。
古风(其十九)
李 白
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素手把芙蓉,虚步蹑太清。
霓裳曳广带,飘拂升天行。
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恍恍与之去,驾鸿凌紫冥。
俯视洛阳川,茫茫走胡兵。
流血涂野草,豺狼尽冠缨。
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【题目】下列各句中加点的词语,解释错误的一项是( )
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B.沐浴清化 清化:清明的政治教化。
C.察臣孝廉 察:考察。
D.形影相吊 吊:安慰。
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