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【题目】氨气溶于水得到氨水,氯气溶于水得到氯水,下列关于新制的氨水、氯水的描述正确的是( )

A.“两水”都是混合物,溶液中含有的粒子种类、数目相同

B.“两水”中都存在弱电解质的电离

C.“两水”都有刺激性气味,都能漂白有机色素

D.“两水”放置时间较久后,都会因为相同的原理而变质

【答案】B

【解析】A项.氨气溶于水得到氨水,氯气溶于水得到氯水,两者都是混合物,在氨水中含有NH3、NH3·H2O、H2O、NH4+、H+、OH- 6种微粒,在氯水中含有Cl2、HCl、H2O、Cl-、ClO-、H+、OH- 7种微粒,故溶液中含有的粒子种类、数目不相同;B项.在氨水中存在一水合氨的电离平衡,在氯水中存在次氯酸的电离平衡,也都存在水的电离平衡,故都存在相同弱电解质的电离;C项.氨水和氯水都会产生有刺激性气味的气体,氨水没有漂白性,而氯水具有漂白性;D项.氨水久置会由于氨气的挥发而变质,而氯水由于其中的次氯酸光照分解。最后变为稀盐酸,变质原因不相同。

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