【题目】下表为2000－2050年中国人口发展趋势统计表（表中数据为百分比），读表回答下列问题。
年龄指标 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2030 | 2040 | 2050 |
0～14 | 24．84 | 20．25 | 18．83 | 17．17 | 16．21 | 16．09 |
15～59 | 65．07 | 67．49 | 64．34 | 59．23 | 56．22 | 53．93 |
60+ | 10．10 | 12．26 | 16．83 | 23．60 | 27．57 | 29．95 |
80+ | 0．89 | 1．33 | 1．85 | 2．71 | 4．43 | 7．00 |
100+ | 0．0009 | 0．0022 | 0．0045 | 0．0092 | 0．0172 | 0．0338 |
4．【1】关于表中信息解读错误的是（ ）
A．劳动适龄人口持续减少
B．人均寿命不断延长
C．社会负担越来越重
D．青少年比重不断下降
【2】针对表中反映的主要人口问题，合理的应对措施是（ ）
①放开生育政策，鼓励生育 ②适当调整生育政策 ③继续完善社会养老等保障措施
④建立完善的儿童养育和教育服务体系 ⑤大量从国外移民
A．①③④ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．①③⑤
【答案】
【1】A
【2】B
【解析】
试题分析：
【1】从表中提取信息，15-59岁年龄段百分比代表劳动适龄人口比例，先增加，后减少。从100+年龄比例百分比不断增加推测人均寿命不断延长。从图中0-14岁青少年比重不断下降，另外60+人口比例不断上升，人口老龄化越来越严重，社会负担越来越重。故选A。
【2】从0-14岁青少年比例不断下降，由于中国人口基数大，避免过大人口压力，仍需计划生育，但可以适当调整生育政策，建立完善的儿童养育和教育服务体系。60+以上人口比重不断上升，说明人口老龄化严重，应继续完善社会养老保障措施。本国人口压力较大，不适宜接纳国外移民。故选B。
人口问题 | 解决措施 |
人口性别结构不合理（男性比重偏高） | 严格计划生育政策，转变人口生育观念 |
人口素质较低 | 大力发展科技教育，提高人口素质 |
人口地区分布不平衡 | 加强经济建设，提高和改善落后地区的社会经济条件 |
人口流动日趋活 跃 | 积极发展交通，积极发展经济，缩小地区发展差距，增加就地就业机会 |
空巢老人、留守儿童、独生子女家庭增多 | 发展社会保障事业，增加就地就业岗位和机会等 |
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