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    【题目】pH＝3的两种一元酸HX和HY溶液，分别取50 mL加入足量的镁粉，充分反应后，收集到H2的体积分别为V(HX)和V(HY)，若V(HX)>V(HY)，则下列说法正确的是( )

    A．HX可能是强酸

    B．HY一定是强酸

    C．HX的酸性强于HY的酸性

    D．反应开始时二者生成H2的速率相等

    【答案】D

    【解析】解答该题应注意以下三点：(1)强酸完全电离，弱酸部分电离。(2)酸性相同的溶液，弱酸的浓度大，等体积时，其物质的量多。(3)产生H2的速率取决于c(H＋)的大小。据题意，Mg粉足量，酸不足，应根据酸的物质的量来计算H2的体积，由V(HX)>V(HY)，知pH相等时，HX的物质的量浓度比HY的大，即HX是酸性比HY弱的弱酸，而无法判断HY是强酸还是弱酸，故A、B、C错误；D项反应开始时生成H2的速率取决于c(H＋)，因为开始时c(H＋)相等，故D项正确。

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