据此完成下列各题。

【1】鸟粪对北极地区气温的影响主要环节是

A. ①增强B. ②增强C. ③增强D. ④增强

【2】该影响最明显的季节是

A. 春季B. 夏季C. 秋季D. 冬季

【1】甲地晴夜多的原因是

A. 常年受副高控制 B. 地处西南风背风坡

C. 白天多上升气流 D. 夜晚多下沉气流

【2】该光学天外台最佳的观测季节是

A. 春季 B. 夏季 C. 秋季 D. 冬季

【题目】

It could be said that the age of adventure peaked with Sir Everest Shackleton the moment his ship, the Endurance, become hopelessly locked in ice on its way to Antarctica in January 1915. For ten months the 28 men aboard Shackleton’s ship waited and prayed for ice to break. When it finally did, the Endurance sank, leaving the crew homeless and adrift on a sea of ice in one of the world’s most dangerous environments.

In January 2000 a luxury ocean liner found itself similarly trapped in the cold waters off Antarctica. Argentine authorities sent off an icebreaker straight away from the nearest naval base, and in 24 hours, all 176 passengers and crew were free. The tour company’s spokesperson spun the potential disaster as a value-added reward in extreme travel. “The people on board are looking at this as sort of a great adventure,” she said.

Ever since Jon Krakauer’s book Into Thin Air made Everest a household name, the subculture of adventure has blown up like a Himalayan avalanche(雪崩) into public consciousness. Magazines promise “extreme” content, television, offers adventure programs, and the growing collective fascination with adventure has produced a flow of published accounts about the world’s greatest adventurous journey. Nowadays more and more people are interested in adventure and this mass appeal makes good business sense. Today the only thing blocking a would-be adventurer’s passage to Antarctica is the cost---- which typically runs well over $10,000.

Despite very different implications, adventure was just as popular in Shackleton’s time. He has little trouble filling the Endurance----5,000 men are said to have responded to his recruitment(招募) notice: “Men wanted for risky journey. Small wages. Bitter cold. Long months of complete darkness. Constant danger. Safe return doubtful.”

After five months drifting on ice, the crew were forced to take to their lifeboats to Elephant Island. Reaching the wasteland, Shackleton went on with one lifeboat and five of his best men 1,300 kilometers across the bone-chilly Scotia Sea to South Georgia Island. Shivering with cold, dressed in rags, Shackleton marched into a whaling station and set about organizing a rescue expedition to Elephant Island. Almost two years after becoming shipwrecked on ice, Shackleton picked up his crew. “Not a life lost, and we have been through hell,” he remarked earnestly.

【1】We can learn from the first sentence of this passage that _______.

A. the age of adventure began with the ship Endurance trapped in ice

B. Shackleton’s adventure marked the highest point of pure exploration

C. the age of adventure ended with the ship Endurance trapped in ice

D. Shackleton’s adventure predicted that the golden age of exploration was approaching

【2】The word “spun” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “_______”.

A. summed up B. judged C. boasted about D. referred to

【3】Since Jon Krakauer’s book was published _______.

A. the media have got interested in the topic of adventure

B. the costs of extreme travel have gone up

C. Everest has got its name known to Europe

D. people have got fascinated by Himalayan avalanches

【4】The adventure in Shackleton’s time has different implications from today’s in that _______.

A. Shackleton’s adventure lasted longer then any other adventure nowadays

B. no one was missing during Shackleton’s adventure

C. Shackleton’s adventure was entirely for the sake of adventure

D. Shackleton enrolled volunteers more easily

完成下列各题

【1】与陆路运输相比，越瓷西南方向贸易选择海运方式可 （ ）

①缩短路程 ②增加运量 ③减少货物破损 ④增强贸易灵活性

A. ①②B. ①③C. ②④D. ③④

【2】在输出越瓷的贸易航程中，船上的人可能会在 （ ）

A. 甲处夜观北极星定向B. 乙处借船右后方风作动力

C. 丙处河水的暴涨D. 丁处看到大片草地

乌裕尔河原为嫩江的支流。受嫩江西移、泥沙沉积等影响，乌裕尔河下游排水受阻，成为内流河。河水泛滥，最终形成面积相对稳定的扎龙湿地（图10）。扎龙湿地面积广大，积水较浅。

（1）河流排水受阻常形成堰塞湖，乌裕尔河排水受阻却形成沼泽湿地。据此推测扎龙湿地的地貌、气候特点。

（2）分析从乌裕尔河成为内流河至扎龙湿地面积稳定，乌裕尔河流域降水量、蒸发量数量关系的变化。

（3）指出未来扎龙湿地水中含盐量的变化，并说明原因。

（4）有人建议，通过工程措施恢复乌裕尔河为外流河。你是否同意，并说明理由。

材料一：苏北黄河故道沿线地区年积温为3500℃—8000℃，年日照时数2230—2460小时，无霜期216—222天，多年平均降水量930mm，夏季降水量占全年雨量的60—70%。黄河故道沿线地区尚有316万亩土地可开发，大多由泥沙堆积而成，含盐碱量较高，土壤保水肥能力差。江苏黄河故道沿线地区的经济基础薄弱。为发展该地区经济，振兴苏北，江苏省制定了《江苏省黄河故道农业综合开发和农村经济发展规划（2012～2020年）》。

材料二：下图为江苏省2017年江苏省部分重大实施项目分布示意图（创新载体项目包括研发平台和科创园区）及江苏省铁路分布图。

（1）图示江苏省重大创新载体项目的分布特点是_________ ，其主要影响因素是_________ 、_________ 。

（2）评价苏北黄河故道沿线地区农业综合开发的条件。_____

（3）关于苏北黄河故道农业综合开发措施的叙述，正确的有______

A．全面开垦土地，打造商品粮基地 B．加大农田水利设施建设力度，改善生产条件

C．全部植树造林，打造绿色走廊 D．因地制宜，进行林农、果农、林牧、林渔经营

（4）江苏规划建设的铁路分布特点是 ， ，其建成后对江苏省的发展的重要意义是 。

（1）图中A、B、C、D四个气压中心，属于高压的是________________________________。

（2）从图中信息可以判断：此时北美洲处于________季，判断理由_______________________。

（3）位于美国西海岸的旧金山此时吹_____风，位于美国东海岸的纽约此时吹______风。（填风向）

（4）位于北美东部的锋面系统快速向东移动，在未来1—2天内，请你从气温、气压、降水和风等方面预测纽约的天气变化。

武安市位于河北省西南部、太行山东麓,是邯郸市唯一的县级市,钢铁、煤炭等工业发达。武安采矿业和炼铁业已有2 000多年的历史,20世纪80年代成为全国有名的“钢铁大县”和邯郸市“产能大县”,拥有数十家钢铁企业,进入21世纪,武安钢铁产能严重过剩,产业结构失衡,污染问题日益突出,铁矿、煤炭枯竭,经济迅速走向衰落。高耗能、高排放、高污染已成为武安的“新形象”。下图示意武安市在河北的地理位置与范围及该地的全年风向频率图。

(1)说明20世纪80年代武安市发展钢铁工业的主要区位优势。

(2)试推测武安市的大气污染程度的季节变化特点并说明理由。

(3)分析武安市近年来经济迅速走向衰落的主要原因。

(4)请为武安市今后的可持续发展提出切实可行的建议。

材料一　粤港澳大湾区是指由香港、澳门两个特别行政区和广东省的广州、深圳、珠海、佛山、中山、东莞、肇庆、江门、惠州等九市组成的城市群(如图所示)。

材料二 港珠澳大桥是连接香港、珠海、澳门的超大型跨海通道，全长55公里，建成后将成为世界最长的跨海大桥。港珠澳大桥沉管隧道是全球最长的公路沉管隧道和全球唯一的深埋沉管隧道，生产和安装技术有一系列创新，为世界海底隧道工程技术提供了独特的样本和宝贵的经验。如图。2018年10月23日，,正式开通；大桥于同年10月24日上午9时正式通车，驾车从香港到珠海、澳门仅需45分钟。

材料三　湾区经济发展形态演变一般经历港口经济、工业经济、服务经济和创新经济四个阶段(如图所示)。2016年，东京湾区服务业占比达82．3%，旧金山湾区为82．8%，纽约湾区为89．4%。而我国粤港澳大湾区九市的服务业占比为56．1%，其中香港和澳门分别为92．2%和93．4%。

材料四　下图分别为旧金山湾区地图及旧金山湾区人口数据变化情况图。

(1)简述粤港澳大湾区的区位特点。

(2)从湾区经济发展形态演变的过程看，目前粤港澳大湾区正向________阶段发展，产业发展中存在的主要问题有___________________________________________________________。

(3)旧金山湾区人口数量的结构变化，对我国大湾区发展有何启示？

(4) 港珠澳大桥中部建设成海底隧道，主要是为了（ ）

A．便于大型轮船通行 B．缩短通行距离 C．使大桥更加壮观 D．减小施工难度

(5)从城市体系的角度，分析粤港澳大湾区城市建设中需要注意的问题。