【题目】

A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.

“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.

They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.

While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.

Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”

【1】 The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that __________.

A. they had no model in their mind

B. they did not have sufficient time

C. they had no ready-made components

D. they could not assemble the components

【2】 Which of the following can be learned from the passage?

A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.

B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.

C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.

D. Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments.

【3】Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. Father of Robotic Fly/span>

B. Inspiration from Engineering Science

C. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect

D. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study

【题目】 课文缩写

Last week I __【1】__ deep into space，but __【2】__ a black hole. Then I __【3】__ to Brazil and experienced surviving an airplane crash __【4】__.After that，I went to the bottom of the ocean to see strange blind __【5】__ that have never seen __【6】__.

That is what visitors can do at Futuroscope，a science and technologybased theme park in France. It uses the most __【7】__ technology. Visitors can __【8】__ parts of the world they have never experienced. The amazing，__【9】__information together with many opportunities for hands on learning makes the world __【10】__ in a completely new way for visitors.

Visitors can buy tickets at the entrance，but tickets are also available online. Futuroscope is not only for individuals，but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings. And also Futuroscope is easy to reach. Come ready to walk a lot—be sure to wear some comfortable sneakers.

【题目】 语法填空

The Tower Bridge is one of the twenty-seven bridges over the River Thames. It is close to the Tower of London, from 1 the Tower Bridge got its name. It is a symbol of London.

It is recorded that the Tower Bridge 2 (build) in 1894 and now it is one of the 3 (famous) bridges in the world. It’s interesting that its middle part can be raised 4 (let) big ships pass. It used to be raised about 50 times a day, but now it is raised only 4 to 5 times a week. If you are lucky enough to see the bridge with its two arms open high in the air, you’ll never forget it.

People often think the Tower of London and the Tower Bridge are 5 the same age. 6 in fact, the Tower of London was built 1000 years ago, while the latter only 7 (have) a history of over 100 years.

The Tower Bridge was first painted chocolate brown. Later, it was painted red, white and blue. Its picture also appeared in the opening of the Summer Olympic Games 8 (hold) in London in 2012.So come to visit the famous bridge. You’ll 9 (sure) have a wonderful experience and it’ll leave you a lasting 10 (impress).

【题目】完形填空

I wrote my first novel when I was 22. It was a 1 . I didn’t know how to properly format dialogue or 2 a plot. Those were all 3 I planned to work out later. I gave the book to my father to read, and within a day he left me a voice mail saying that it was 4 and that I was going to sell it for $300,000.

5 , and rather quickly, the book was 6 by every publisher in New York. If there were a literary prize for Most Rejections, I would have won it. I was 7 , of course, but I knew better than to 8 — writing wasn’t an easy job, and if this book wasn’t my 9 in, maybe the next one would be. I got back to work.

But this scenario(剧情) happened again: I wrote books…and then they wouldn’t 10 . Still, my father’s faith in me never wavered(摇摆), even 11 I worked a host of other jobs. Some of the jobs, like being a bookseller, were great and 12 to my writing life. Some, like selling overpriced jeans to 12-year-olds, were only good insofar as they were material for future 13 . And they were — because it finally 14 . I sold a book! I was going to make it big!

I completely agree with motivational speaker and author John Maxwell’s words: “Successful and unsuccessful people do not 15 greatly in their abilities but in their 16 to reach/span> their potential.” Life’s not 17 . It never was, it isn’t now, it won’t ever be. But do not fall into the entitlement trap of feeling you are a 18 , you are not. Get over it and 19 with it. And yes, most things are more 20 when you break a sweat to get them.

【1】A. mess B. mix C. confusion D. puzzle

【2】A. follow B. structure C. discover D. hatch

【3】A. facts B. messages C. meanings D. details

【4】A. practical B. complex C. wonderful D. dissatisfactory

【5】A. But B. Instead C. Therefore D. Regardless

【6】A. rejected B. accepted C. abused D. commented

【7】A. depressed B. surprised C. frightened D. embarrassed

【8】A. continue B. fight C. withdraw D. write

【9】A. card B. ticket C. pen D. bill

【10】A. write B. buy C. work D. sell

【11】A. if B. because C. as D. since

【12】A. turned B. opened C. led D. contributed

【13】A. lives B. decisions C. stories D. jobs

【14】A. happened B. failed C. made D. passed

【15】A. vary B. change C. match D. diversify

【16】A. request B. demand C. hope D. desire

【17】A. sad B. happy C. hard D. easy

【18】A. witness B. victim C. owner D. winner

【19】A. get round B. get on C. get about D. get by

【20】A. challenging B. demanding C. rewarding D. paying

【题目】 单项填空

1. Catching ________ sight of their headteacher coming，the students fell silence in ________ flash.

A．the；the B．/；a C．the；/ D．/；/

【题目】七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

While many of us go through life with the pursuit of money on our mind, we're often told that money can't buy happiness. But what truth is there in the saying? Is there a relation between money and happiness? 【1】

Humans are very sensitive to change. When we get a rise, we really enjoy it. But some studies have shown that in North America, additional income beyond 75,000 dollars a year stops impacting day-to-day happiness. 【2】 They often end up spending all the money, going into debt, and experience ruined social relationships.

So surely money can't really buy happiness. Well, recent studies suggest that the problem may actually be in the way that we spend money. 【3】 Studies show that people who spend their money on others feel happier. As for the people who spend money on themselves, their happiness is unchanged.

【4】0ne experiment showed that instead of an organization writing a large check to a charity, dividing the amount up among employees, allowing them to contribute to a charity of their choice, increased their job satisfaction. Similarly, individuals that spend money on each other, as opposed to themselves, not only increase job satisfaction, but improve the team performance.

【5】 Interestingly, the specific way money is spent on others isn't important. Spending something on others is the important aspect of increasing your happiness.

A. The same principle has been tested on teams and organizations as well.

B. Money has more effect on the vast majority of people i the long run.

C. Instead of buying things for yourself, try giving some of it to other people and see how you feel.

D. And if so, how can we use it to our advantage?

E. Almost everywhere we look in the world, we see that giving money to others is positively related to happiness,

F. And while you're saving up for these greatest experiences, don't forget the daily joys in life.

G. In fact, people who win a lottery often report becoming extremely unhappy.

【题目】 If you want to slow down，you must ________ harder on the brakes.

A．take B．press C．sweep D．carry

【题目】

Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don’t listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management(机组资源管理),or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.

I first read about CRM in 1980.Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear(起落架)down. He was a better pilot—and my boss—so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said,“We need to put the landing gear down now!”That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.

CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn’t overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I’m in the operating room, I ask for ides and help from others. Sometimes they’re not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from“landing gear up”.

【1】 What does the author say about doctors in general?

A. They like flying by themselves.

B. They are unwilling to take advice.

C. They pretend to be good pilots.

D. They are quick learners of CRM.

【2】The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when .

A. he saved the plane by speaking up

B. he was in charge of a flying task

C. his boss landed the plane too late

D. his boss operated on a patient

【3】In the last paragraph“landing gear up”probably means .

A. following flying requirements

B. overreacting to different opinions

C. listening to what fellow doctors say

D. making a mistake that may cost lives

【4】 Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. CRM:A New Way to Make Flying Safe

B. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor

C. The Making of a Good Pilot

D. A Pilot-Turned Doctor

【题目】阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Kiss crisis, hug horrors and the UK's handshake headaches

Greeting someone, saying goodbye — these situations fill me with unease. You have a second to make a dangerous decision. One peck(轻吻)? Two pecks? Three? No kisses at all? Why, I think, as I crash into the other person’s face, why can’t it be as simple as a handshake?

A survey by the soap company Radox in May showed one in five Brits now feels a handshake is “too formal”, according to the Daily Mail. Some 42 percent said they never shook hands when greeting friends. For one third of people the alternative was a hug, for 16 percent a kiss on the cheek.

British people are known to be reserved(保守的) — unfriendly, some would say. Handshakes used to work for us because we didn’t have to get too close. But the super-British handshake is no longer fashionable. We want to be more like our easygoing Mediterranean neighbors who greet each other with kisses and hugs.

The trouble is, we still find it a bit awkward. What does a married man do when greeting a married female friend, for example? How should someone younger greet someone older?

Guys don’t tend to kiss one another; my male friends in Britain go for the “manly hug”, taking each other stiffly(不自然地) in one arm and giving a few thumps on the back with words like “Take it easy, yeah?”.

The biggest questions, if you do decide to kiss, are how many times and which cheek first. Unlike the French, who comfortably deliver three, our cheek-pecks usually end in embarrassed giggling(咯咯笑): “Oh, gosh, sorry, I didn’t mean to kiss you on the lips, I never know where to aim for first!”

But then it’s never been easy for us poor, uncomfortable Brits. Even the handshake had its problems: don’t shake too hard, but don’t hold the other person’s hand too limply(无力地) either, and definitely don’t go in with sweaty hands.

Maybe it’s better to leave it at a smile and a nod.

【1】What is the article mainly about?

A. Origin of the traditional British way of greeting someone.

B. New trends and problems that Brits have with the way they greet people.

C. Why the author feels uneasy when greeting someone or saying goodbye.

D. Differences in greetings between Britain and other Western countries.

【2】What did the survey by the soap company Radox show?

A. It is now considered unfriendly to greet friends with a handshake in Britain.

B. A kiss on the cheek is becoming the most popular form of greeting in Britain.

C. Most Brits no longer offer to shake hands with those they meet.

D. More and more Brits prefer to be greeted with a hug or kiss.

【3】The underlined word “awkward” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________.

A. not helpful

B. too informal

C. quite embarrassed

D. very interesting

【4】Which does the author think might be the safest form of greeting for a British person?

A. A hug.

B. A smile and a nod.

C. A handshake.

D. A kiss on the cheek.

【题目】Mother always complains that children ______ their shoes very quickly. (2013 .江西)

A. find out

B. wash out

C. wear out

D. set out