Question

±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬1.68LÎÞÉ«ÎÞζµÄ¿ÉȼÐÔÆøÌåÔÚ×ãÁ¿ÑõÆøÖÐÍêȫȼÉÕ£®Èô½«²úÎïͨÈë×ãÁ¿³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®£®µÃµ½µÄ°×É«³ÁµíÖÊÁ¿Îª15.0g£»ÈôÓÃ×ãÁ¿¼îʯ»ÒÎüÊÕȼÉÕ²úÎÔöÖØ9.3g£®
£¨1£©¼ÆËãȼÉÕ²úÎïÖÐË®µÄÖÊÁ¿£º

2.7g

£®
£¨2£©ÈôÔ­ÆøÌåÊǵ¥Ò»µÄÌþÀàÆøÌ壬ͨ¹ý¼ÆËãÍƶÏËüµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½£º

C₂H₄

£®
£¨3£©ÈôÔ­ÆøÌåÊÇÁ½ÖÖµÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄÆø̬ÌþµÄ»ìºÏÎÇëд³öËüÃǵĽṹ¼òʽ£¨ÒªÇóд³öÁ½×é·ûºÏÌõ¼þµÄÎïÖʵĽṹ¼òʽ£©£º

CH₄

ºÍ

C₃H₄

¡¢

C₂H₂

ºÍ

C₂H₆

£®

Answer 1

·ÖÎö£º¸ù¾ÝÓлúÎïȼÉÕʱ£¬ÓлúÎïÖеÄ̼ȫ²¿×ª»¯Îª¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼Óë×ãÁ¿µÄÇâÑõ»¯¸ÆÍêÈ«·´Ó¦£¬Éú³É²»ÈÜÓÚË®µÄ°×É«³Áµí̼Ëá¸Æ£¬ÀûÓÃÉú³É̼Ëá¸ÆµÄÖÊÁ¿¼ÆËãȼÉÕÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿£»¼îʯ»Ò¼ÈÄÜÎüÊÕȼÉÕÉú³ÉµÄË®£¬ÓÖÄÜÎüÊÕȼÉÕÉú³ÉµÄ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬Òò´Ë£¬ÔöÖصÄÖÊÁ¿¼´È¼ÉÕÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ºÍË®µÄÖÊÁ¿×ܺͣ¬´Ó¶øÇó³öË®µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬¸ù¾ÝÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ºÍË®µÄÖÊÁ¿¼ÆËã³ö¿ÉȼÎïÖÐC¡¢HÔªËصÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÌõ¼þÇó³ö·Ö×Óʽ£¬¾Ý´Ë½â´ð£®

½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©ÉèȼÉÕ²úÎïÖÐCO₂µÄÖÊÁ¿Îªx£®
CO₂+Ca£¨OH£©₂=CaCO₃¡ý+H₂O
44            100
x             15.0g
 x=6.6g
¶ø¼îʯ»Ò¼ÈÄÜÎüÊÕȼÉÕÉú³ÉµÄË®£¬ÓÖÄÜÎüÊÕȼÉÕÉú³ÉµÄ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬Òò´Ë£¬ÔöÖصÄÖÊÁ¿¼´È¼ÉÕÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ºÍË®µÄÖÊÁ¿×ܺͣºm£¨CO₂£©+m£¨H₂O£©=9.3g£¬m£¨H₂O£©=9.3g-6.6g=2.7g£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2.7g£»
£¨2£©ÎÞÉ«¿ÉȼÆøÌån£¨ÎÞÉ«¿ÉȼÆøÌ壩=

1.68L

22.4L/mol

=0.075mol£¬
n£¨CO₂£©=

6.6g

44g/mol

=0.15mol£¬Ôòn£¨C£©=0.15mol£»
n£¨H₂O£©=

2.7g

18g/mol

=0.15mol£¬Ôòn£¨H£©=n£¨H₂O£©¡Á2=0.3mol£¬
¼´0.075molÆøÌåÖк¬ÓÐ0.15molC£¬0.3molH£¬ËùÒÔ1molÆøÌåÖк¬ÓÐ2molC£¬4molH£¬
ËùÒÔ¸ÃÆøÌåµÄ·Ö×ÓʽÊÇC₂H₄£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºC₂H₄£»
£¨3£©ÒòΪµ¥Ò»ÆøÌåΪC₂H₄£¬ÏÖΪµÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄÁ½ÖÖÆøÌåÌþµÄ»ìºÏÎËùÒÔÔÚ2mol»ìºÏÆøÌåÖУ¬Ó¦º¬ÓÐ4molCÔ­×Ó£¬8molHÔ­×Ó£¬ÕâÁ½ÖÖÆøÆø̬Ìþ¿ÉÄÜÊÇ¡°CH₄ºÍC₃H₄¡±»ò¡°C₂H₂ ºÍC₂H₆¡±£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCH₄£»C₃H₄£»C₂H₂£»C₂H₆£®

µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éѧÉúȼÉÕ·¨È·¶¨ÓлúÎï·Ö×Ó×é³ÉµÄ֪ʶ£¬¸ù¾ÝÔ­×ÓÊغ㷨À´½â´ð£¬ÄѶȲ»´ó£®