£¨11·Ö£©³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçÏÂ±í£º

Çë»Ø´ð£º

(1)²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈçºÎÓÃa (»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH)À´ËµÃ÷HAÊÇÇ¿ËỹÊÇÈõ Ëá                                                     ¡£

(2)²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´ÓÒÒ×éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬C1ÊÇ·ñÒ»¶¨µÈÓÚ0.2mol£¯L     (Ñ¡Ìî¡°ÊÇ¡±»ò¡°·ñ¡±)¡£»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶Èc(A£­)Óëc(Na+)µÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇ       

A£®Ç°Õß´ó           B£®ºóÕß´ó           C£®¶þÕßÏàµÈ         D£®ÎÞ·¨ÅжÏ

(3)´Ó±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬HAÊÇ      Ëá(Ñ¡Ìî¡°Ç¿¡±»ò¡°Èõ¡±)¡£

¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ                                

(4)¶¡×éʵÑéËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc(OH¡ª)£½          mol£¯L

д³ö¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÏÂÁÐËãʽµÄ¾«È·½á¹û(²»ÄÜ×ö½üËƼÆË㣬»Ø´ð׼ȷֵ£¬½á¹û²»Ò»¶¨Òª»¯¼ò)¡£ c(Na+)£­c(A¡ª)£½      mol£¯L

 

¡¾´ð°¸¡¿

£¨1£©a=7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÇ¿Ëᣬa£¾7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÈõËá

£¨2£©·ñ£¨»ò²»Ò»¶¨£©   c

£¨3£©Èõ     c(Na+)£¾c(A-)£¾c(OH-)£¾c(H+)

£¨4£©10-5     10-5-10-9

¡¾½âÎö¡¿

ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º(1)²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÒòΪÊǵÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶È»ìºÏ£¬HAÊÇÇ¿ËᣬÉú³ÉÎïÊÇÇ¿ËáÇ¿¼îÑΣ¬a=7£¬HAÊÇÈõËᣬÉú³ÉÎïÊÇÇ¿¼îÈõËáÑΣ¬Ë®½âÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¬a£¾7£¬ËùÒÔa=7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÇ¿Ëᣬa£¾7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÈõËá¡£

(2)²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´ÓÒÒ×éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÒòΪ»ìºÏÍêºó£¬PH=7£¬ËùÒÔÓеçºÉÊغã¿ÉµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶Èc(A£­)=c(Na+)£¬C1²»Ò»¶¨µÈÓÚ0.2mol£¯L¡£

(3)´Ó±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬HAÊÇÈõËᣬÒòΪÊǵÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶È»ìºÏ£¬a£¾7Éú³ÉÎïÊÇÇ¿¼îÈõËáÑΣ¬Ë®½âÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¬ËùÒÔHAÊÇÈõËá¡£¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ c(Na+)£¾c(A-)£¾c(OH-)£¾c(H+)¡£

£¨4£©¶¡×éʵÑéËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºPH=9£¬ÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc(OH¡ª)£½10-5 mol£¯L £¬Kw=10-14

c(H+)£½10-9 mol£¯L ÓɵçºÉÊغãc£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£© =c£¨OH_£©+c£¨A-£©,c(OH¡ª)-c£¨H+£©= c(Na+)£­c(A¡ª) ËùÒÔc(Na+)£­c(A¡ª)£½10-5-10-9¡£

¿¼µã£ºËá¼î»ìºÏ¼ÆËã

µãÆÀ£ºËá¼î»ìºÏ¼ÆËãʱҪעÒ⣺µÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶ÈµÄÇ¿ËáÇ¿¼î»ìºÏ£¬ÏÔÖÐÐÔ£»µÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶ÈµÄÇ¿ËáÈõ¼î»ìºÏʱ£¬ÓÉÓÚÉú³ÉµÄÊÇÇ¿ËáÈõ¼îÑΣ¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£»µÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶ÈµÄÇ¿¼îÈõËá»ìºÏʱ£¬ÓÉÓÚÉú³ÉµÄÊÇÇ¿¼îÈõËáÑΣ¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔ¡£

 

Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÏ°Ìâ

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçÏÂ±í£¬Çë»Ø´ð£º
ʵÑé±àºÅ HAÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È£¨mol?L-1£© NaOHÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È£¨mol?L-1£© »ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH
¼× 0.2 0.2 pH=a
ÒÒ c 0.2 pH=7
±û 0.2 0.1 pH£¾7
¶¡ 0.1 0.1 pH=9
£¨1£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈçºÎÓÃa £¨»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH£©À´ËµÃ÷HAÊÇÇ¿ËỹÊÇÈõËá
Èôa=7£¬ÔòHAÊÇÇ¿Ë᣻Èôa£¾7£¬ÔòHAÊÇÈõËá
Èôa=7£¬ÔòHAÊÇÇ¿Ë᣻Èôa£¾7£¬ÔòHAÊÇÈõËá
£®
£¨2£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´ÓÒÒ×éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬CÊÇ·ñÒ»¶¨µÈÓÚ0.2
·ñ
·ñ
£¨Ñ¡Ìî¡°ÊÇ¡±»ò¡°·ñ¡±£©£®»ìºÏÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶Èc£¨A-£©Óë c£¨Na+£©µÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇ
c£¨A-£©=c£¨Na+£©
c£¨A-£©=c£¨Na+£©
£®
£¨3£©±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬HAÊÇ
Èõ
Èõ
ËᣨѡÌî¡°Ç¿¡±»ò¡°Èõ¡±£©£®¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
£®
£¨4£©¶¡×éʵÑéËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨OH-£©=
10-5
10-5
mol?L-1£®

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçÏÂ±í£¬Çë»Ø´ð£º
ʵÑé±àºÅ HAÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È
£¨mol?L-1£©
NaOHÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È
£¨mol?L-1£©
»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH
¼× 0.2 0.2 pH=a
ÒÒ c 0.2 pH=7
±û 0.2 0.1 pH£¾7
¶¡ 0.1 0.1 pH=9
£¨1£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈçºÎÓÃa £¨»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH£©À´ËµÃ÷HAÊÇÇ¿ËỹÊÇÈõËá
a=7ΪǿËᣬa£¾7ΪÈõËá
a=7ΪǿËᣬa£¾7ΪÈõËá
£®
£¨2£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´ÓÒÒ×éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬CÊÇ·ñÒ»¶¨µÈÓÚ0.2
·ñ
·ñ
£¨Ñ¡Ìî¡°ÊÇ¡±»ò¡°·ñ¡±£©£®»ìºÏÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶Èc£¨A-£©Óë c£¨Na+£©µÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇ
c£¨A-£©=c£¨Na+£©
c£¨A-£©=c£¨Na+£©
£®
£¨3£©±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬HAÊÇ
Èõ
Èõ
ËᣨѡÌî¡°Ç¿¡±»ò¡°Èõ¡±£©£®¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
£®
£¨4£©¶¡×éʵÑéËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨OH-£©=
10-5
10-5
mol?L-1£®Ð´³ö¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÏÂÁÐËãʽµÄ¾«È·½á¹û£¨²»Ðè×ö½üËƼÆË㣩£®c£¨Na+£©-c£¨A-£©=
10-5-10-9
10-5-10-9
mol?L-1      c£¨OH-£©-c£¨HA£©=
10-9
10-9
mol?L-1£®

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

£¨¢ñ£©³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHA£¨¼×¡¢ÒÒ¡¢±û¡¢¶¡´ú±í²»Í¬µÄÒ»ÔªËᣩºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçϱíËùʾ£º
ʵÑé
񅧏
HAÎïÖʵÄÁ¿
Ũ¶È/£¨mol?L-1£©
NaOHÎïÖʵÄÁ¿
Ũ¶È/£¨mol?L-1£©
»ìºÏºóÈÜ
񼵀pH
¼× 0.1 0.1 pH=a
ÒÒ 0.12 0.1 pH=7
±û 0.2 0.1 pH£¾7
¶¡ 0.1 0.1 pH=10
£¨1£©´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈçºÎÅжÏHAÊÇÇ¿ËỹÊÇÈõË᣿
a=7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÇ¿Ë᣻a£¾7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÈõËá
a=7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÇ¿Ë᣻a£¾7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÈõËá
£®
£¨2£©ÒÒ×é»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÁ£×ÓŨ¶Èc£¨A-£©ºÍc£¨Na+£©µÄ´óС¹Øϵ
C
C
£®
A£®Ç°Õß´ó  B£®ºóÕß´ó
C£®Á½ÕßÏàµÈ  D£®ÎÞ·¨ÅжÏ
£¨3£©´Ó±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
£®
£¨4£©·ÖÎö¶¡×éʵÑéÊý¾Ý£¬Ð´³ö»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÏÂÁÐËãʽµÄ¾«È·½á¹û£¨ÁÐʽ£©£º
c£¨Na+£©-c£¨A-£©=
10-4-10-10
10-4-10-10
mol?L-1£®
£¨¢ò£©Ä³¶þÔªËᣨ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÓÃH2B±íʾ£©ÔÚË®ÖеĵçÀë·½³ÌʽÊÇ£ºH2B¨TH++HB-¡¢HB-?H++B2-
»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨5£©ÔÚ0.1mol?L-1µÄNa2BÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÏÂÁÐÁ£×ÓŨ¶È¹ØϵʽÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
AC
AC
£®
A£®c£¨B2-£©+c£¨HB-£©=0.1mol?L-1
B£®c£¨B2-£©+c£¨HB-£©+c£¨H2B£©=0.1mol?L-1
C£®c£¨OH-£©=c£¨H+£©+c£¨HB-£©
D£®c£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨HB-£©

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHXºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçÏÂ±í£º
ʵÑé±àºÅ HXÎïÖʵÄÁ¿
Ũ¶È£¨mol?L-1£©
NaOHÎïÖʵÄÁ¿
Ũ¶È£¨mol?L-1£©
»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH
¼× 0.2 0.2 pH=a
ÒÒ C1 0.2 pH=7
±û 0.2 0.1 pH£¾7
¶¡ C2 C2 pH=10
Çë»Ø´ð£º
£¨1£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬Èôa
=
=
7£¨Ì¡¢£¼»ò=£©£¬ÔòHXΪǿË᣻Èôa
£¾
£¾
7£¨Ì¡¢£¼»ò=£©£¬ÔòHXΪÈõËᣮ
£¨2£©ÔÚÒÒ×é»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶Èc£¨X-£©Óëc£¨Na+£©µÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇ
C
C
£®
A£®Ç°Õß´ó    B£®ºóÕß´ó     C£®¶þÕßÏàµÈ       D£®ÎÞ·¨ÅжÏ
£¨3£©´Ó±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬HXÊÇ
Èõ
Èõ
ËᣨѡÌî¡°Ç¿¡±»ò¡°Èõ¡±£©£®¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨X-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨X-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
£®
£¨4£©¶¡×éʵÑéËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨OH-£©=
1¡Á10-4
1¡Á10-4
mol?L-1£®

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ÊµÑéÐÅÏ¢ÈçÏ£¬ÏÂÁÐÅжϲ»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
ʵÑé±àºÅ c£¨HA£©/mol?L-l c£¨NaOH£©/mol?L-1 ·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºpH
¼× 0.1 0.1 pH=9
ÒÒ c1 0.2 pH=7

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

ͬ²½Á·Ï°²á´ð°¸