ijͬѧȡһAlFe2.0LϡHNO3ַӦHNO3ĻԭȫΪΡڷӦҺУμ4molL1NaOHҺNaOHҺijʵĹϵͼʾͼش⣺
1DEηӦӷʽΪ_____________________________________
2дһAlFe뼫ϡHNO3ӦĻѧʽ_______________
3BӦijʵΪ_______molCӦҺΪ______mL
4ԭҺʵŨΪ_______mol/L
֪ʶ㡿йػﷴӦļ㣻þҪ C2
𰸽(1) NH4++OH=NH3•H2O
(2)8Al+30HNO3=8Al(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H8Fe+30HNO3=8Fe(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H2O
(3) 0.032 7
(4) 0.074
ۺ۵ĻһϡHNO3ַӦΪAl3+Fe3+HNO3ĻԭȫΪΣͼɵҺӦᷴӦɳȫͼ֪Һ䣬ɵNH4+˷ӦʿԵõNaOHĵμӣķӦУ
H++OH-=H2O
Fe3++3OH-=FeOH3Al3++3OH-=AlOH3
NH4++OH-TNH3•H2O
AlOH3 +OH-=AlO2-+2H2O
1OCηӷʽΪH++OH-=H2ODEηӷʽΪNH4++OH-=NH3•H2O
2Al뼫ϡHNO3ӦĻѧʽΪ8Al+30HNO3=8AlNO33+3NH4NO3+9H2OFe뼫ϡHNO3ӦĻѧʽΪ8Fe+30HNO3=8 Fe NO33+3NH4NO3+9H2O
3
4ͼ֪DEĵƵΪ34mL-31m=3mLʸýβμӷӦΪ0.003L4mol/L=0.012molNH4++OH-TNH3•H2O ֪ҺnNH4+=0.012ml
BAIJֵΪʵͼ֪EFĵҺΪ36mL-34m=2mLʸýβμӷӦΪ0.002L4mol/L=0.008molAlOH3 +OH-=AlO2-+2H2O֪AlOH3ʵΪ0.008molԪغ㣬ʻϽnAl=0.008molݵתغУ3nFe+3nAl=8nNH4+3nFe+30.008mol=80.012molnFe=0.024mol֪n[FeOH3]=nFe=0.024molBӦijAlOH3FeOH3ߵʵ֮=0.008mol+0.024mol=0.032molɷӦ֪̿Ϊ31mLʱҺΪ泥nNH4NO3=nNH4+=0.012molԪغ㣬֪nNaNO3=nNaOH=0.031L4mol/L=0.124molݵԪغ֪ԭҺnHNO3=nNaNO3+2nNH4NO3=0.124mol+0.012mol2=0.148molcҺΪNaNO3NH4NO3FeNO33AlNO33ݵԪغn䣨NaNO3+2nNH4NO3+3n[FeNO33]+3n[AlNO33]=nHNO3cҺn䣨NaNO3=0.148mol-0.012mol2-0.024mol3-0.008mol3=0.028molcNaOHʵ=0.028molcNaOHҺ=0.028mol/4mol/L=0.007L=7 mL
5ݣ4м֪ԭҺnHNO3=0.148molԭҺʵŨΪ0.148mol/2L=0.074mol/L
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