(11·Ö) ÔÚ900oCµÄ¿ÕÆøÖкϳɳöÒ»ÖÖº¬ïç¡¢¸ÆºÍÃÌ (Ħ¶û±È2 : 2 : 1) µÄ¸´ºÏÑõ»¯ÎÆäÖÐÃÌ¿ÉÄÜÒÔ +2¡¢+3¡¢+4 »òÕß»ìºÏ¼Û̬´æÔÚ¡£ÎªÈ·¶¨¸Ã¸´ºÏÑõ»¯ÎïµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½£¬½øÐÐÈçÏ·ÖÎö£º

6-1 ׼ȷÒÆÈ¡25.00 mL 0.05301 mol L1µÄ²ÝËáÄÆË®ÈÜÒº£¬·ÅÈë׶ÐÎÆ¿ÖУ¬¼ÓÈë25 mLÕôÁóË®ºÍ5 mL 6 mol L1µÄHNO3ÈÜÒº£¬Î¢ÈÈÖÁ60~70oC£¬ÓÃKMnO4ÈÜÒºµÎ¶¨£¬ÏûºÄ27.75 mL¡£Ð´³öµÎ¶¨¹ý³Ì·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦µÄ·½³Ìʽ£»¼ÆËãKMnO4ÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶È¡£

6-2 ׼ȷ³ÆÈ¡0.4460 g¸´ºÏÑõ»¯ÎïÑùÆ·£¬·ÅÈë׶ÐÎÆ¿ÖУ¬¼Ó25.00 mLÉÏÊö²ÝËáÄÆÈÜÒººÍ30 mL 6 mol L1 µÄHNO3ÈÜÒº£¬ÔÚ60~70oCϳä·ÖÒ¡¶¯£¬Ô¼°ëСʱºóµÃµ½ÎÞɫ͸Ã÷ÈÜÒº¡£ÓÃÉÏÊöKMnO4ÈÜÒºµÎ¶¨£¬ÏûºÄ10.02 mL¡£¸ù¾ÝʵÑé½á¹ûÍÆË㸴ºÏÑõ»¯ÎïÖÐÃ̵ļÛ̬£¬¸ø³ö¸Ã¸´ºÏÑõ»¯ÎïµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½£¬Ð´³öÑùÆ·Èܽâ¹ý³ÌµÄ·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ¡£ÒÑÖªLaµÄÔ­×ÓÁ¿Îª138.9¡£

6-1 2MnO4- + 5C2O42- + 16H+ = 2Mn2+ + 10CO2 + 8H2O                        (1·Ö)

KMnO4ÈÜҺŨ¶È£º(2/5) ´ 0.05301 ´ 25.00 / 27.75 = 0.01910 £¨mol L-1£©      (1·Ö)

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6-2¸ù¾Ý£º»¯ºÏÎïÖнðÊôÀë×ÓĦ¶û±ÈΪ La : Ca : Mn = 2 : 2 : 1£¬ïçºÍ¸ÆµÄÑõ»¯Ì¬·Ö±ðΪ+3ºÍ+2£¬Ã̵ÄÑõ»¯Ì¬Îª +2 ~ +4£¬³õ²½ÅжÏ

¸´ºÏÑõ»¯ÎïµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªLa2Ca2MnO6+x, ÆäÖÐ x = 0~1¡£               (1·Ö)

µÎ¶¨Çé¿ö£º

¼ÓÈëC2O42×ÜÁ¿£º25.00 mL ´ 0.05301 mol L1 = 1.3253 mmol               (0.5·Ö)

ÑùÆ·Èܽâºó£¬µÎ¶¨ÏûºÄ¸ßÃÌËá¼Ø£º10.02 mL ´ 0.01910 mol L1 = 0.1914 mmol  (0.5·Ö)

ÑùÆ·ÈܽâºóÊ£ÓàC2O42Á¿:  0.1914 mmol ´ 5/2 = 0.4785 mmol               (0.5·Ö)

ÑùÆ·Èܽâ¹ý³ÌËùÏûºÄµÄC2O42Á¿: 1.3253 mmol  0.4785 mmol = 0.8468 mmol   (0.5·Ö)

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ÔÚÈÜÑù¹ý³ÌÖУ¬C2O42±äΪCO2¸ø³öµç×Ó£º

         2 ´ 0.8468 mmol = 1.694 mmol                                 (0.5·Ö)

 

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¸´ºÏÑõ»¯Îï(La2Ca2MnO6+x)ÑùÆ·µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª£º

        0.4460 g / [(508.9 + 16.0 x) g mol-1]                              (0.5·Ö)

La2Ca2MnO6+xÖУ¬Ã̵ļÛ̬Ϊ: [2 ´ (6+x) -2 ´3 -2´2] = (2+2x)              (1·Ö)

ÈÜÑù¹ý³ÌÖÐÃ̵ļÛ̬±ä»¯Îª£º (2+2 x - 2) = 2 x                           (0.5·Ö)

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2 x ´ 0.4460 g / [(508.9 + 16.0 x) g mol-1] = 2 ´ 0.8468 ´ 10-3 mol        (1·Ö)

      x = 1.012 » 1                                                   (0.5·Ö)

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ÒòΪÈÜÑù¹ý³ÌÏûºÄÁËÏ൱Á¿µÄC2O42-£¬¿É¼ûÃ̵ļÛ̬¿Ï¶¨²»»áÊÇ+2¼Û¡£ÈôÉèÃ̵ļÛ̬Ϊ+3¼Û£¬ÏàÓ¦Ñõ»¯ÎïµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªLa2Ca2MnO6.5, ´Ë»¯Ñ§Ê½Ê½Á¿Îª516.9 g mol-1, ³ÆÈ¡ÑùÆ·µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª£º

0.4460 g / (516.9 g mol-1) = 8.628 ´10-4 mol                           (0.5·Ö)
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           1.689 ´ 10-3 mol / (8. 628 ´10-4 mol) = 1.96                    (0. 5·Ö)

 ÃÌÔÚ¸´ºÏÑõ»¯ÎïÖеļÛ̬Ϊ£º    2 + 1.96 = 3.96                        (0. 5·Ö)

 3.96Óë3²î±ðºÜ´ó£¬+3¼Û¼ÙÉè²»³ÉÁ¢£»                                (0.5·Ö)

¶ø½á¹ûÌáʾMn¸ü½Ó½üÓÚ+4¼Û¡£                                       (0.5·Ö)

ÈôÉèMnΪ+4¼Û, ÏàÓ¦Ñõ»¯ÎïµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªLa2Ca2MnO7, ´Ë»¯Ñ§Ê½Ê½Á¿Îª524.9 g mol-1¡£

ÃÌÔÚ¸´ºÏÑõ»¯ÎïÖеļÛ̬Ϊ£º
2 + 2 ´ 0.8468 ´ 10-3 / (0.4460 / 524.9) = 3.99 » 4                   (0.5·Ö)

¼ÙÉèÓë½á¹ûÎǺϣ¬¿É¼ûÔÚ¸´ºÏÑõ»¯ÎïÖУ¬MnΪ+4¼Û¡£                 (0.5·Ö)

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¸Ã¸´ºÏÑõ»¯ÎïµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªLa2Ca2MnO7                               (1·Ö)

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La2Ca2MnO7 + C2O42- + 14H+ = 2La3+ + 2Ca2+ + Mn2+ + 2CO2 + 7H2O     (1·Ö)

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