10֣ijͬѧȡһAlFe2.0LϡHNO3ַӦHNO3ĻԭȫΪΡڷӦҺУμ4molL1NaOHҺNaOHҺijʵĹϵͼʾͼش⣺
1DEηӦӷʽΪ_____________________________________
2дһAlFe뼫ϡHNO3ӦĻѧʽ_______________
3BӦijʵΪ_______molCӦҺΪ______mL
4ԭҺʵŨΪ_______mol/L
(10,ÿ2)(1) NH4++OH=NH3?H2O
(2) 8Al+30HNO3=8Al(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H2O8Fe+30HNO3=8Fe(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H2O
(3) 0.032 7(4) 0.074
1AlFeᷴӦӦҺмNaOHʼγɣ˵˽ᷴӦOCηӦH++ OH -= H2OCDҺеFe3+Al3+ӦγFe(OH)3Al(OH)3DEΣʵûб仯ΪDENaOHҺᱻԭΪNH4NO3,߷ֽⷴӦӷʽǣNH4++ OH-=NH3H2O28Al+30HNO3=8Al(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H2O8Fe+30HNO3 =8Fe(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+ 9H2O3EFNaOHܽAl(OH)3ӷʽǣAl(OH)3+ OH-= AlO2-+ 2H2OܽAl(OH)3ĵNaOHʵn(NaOH)= 4mol/L 0.002L =0.008mol,ԸݷӦʽжߵʵϵ֪n(Al(OH)3)=0.008molAl(OH)3ĵNaOHҺ6mlݷӦʽNH4++ OH-=NH3H2O ֪n(NH4+)=4mol/L 0.003L=0.012moln(e-)=0.012mol8=0.096mol,FeAl+3۵ĽڷӦеתĿȣn(Fe)+n(Al)= 0.096mol3=0.032mol,BӦijʵʵȣn()= 0.032mol;ʹAl3+Fe3+γɳĵNaOHʵӵʵȣ0.096mol NaOHҺVNaOH=0.096mol 4mol/L=0.024L=24ml, CӦҺΪ31ml-24ml=7ml4ݷʽH++ OH -= H2O֪n(HNO3)=n(HNO3)()+ n(HNO3)(Ӧ)= 4mol/L0.007L+0.032mol(30/8)=0.148mol.ԭŨc(HNO3)= n(HNO3)V=0.148mol2.0L=0.074mol/L.
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