³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍKOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçÏÂ±í£¬Çë»Ø´ð£º
ʵÑé
񅧏
HAÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È£¨mol?L-1£© KOHÎïÖʵÄÁ¿
Ũ¶È£¨mol?L-1£©
»ìºÏÈÜÒºpH
¼× 0.2 0.2 pH=a
ÒÒ c 0.2 pH£¾7
±û 0.2 0.1 pH£¾7
¶¡ 0.1 0.1 pH=9
£¨1£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈôÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓΪ£ºK+¡¢A-¡¢OH-¡¢H+£¬ÔòÈÜÒºÖеÄÈÜÖÊ¿ÉÄÜΪ£º
KA
KA
»ò
KAºÍKOH
KAºÍKOH
»ò
KAºÍHA
KAºÍHA
£®
£¨2£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´ÓÒÒ×éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈôÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÂú×㣺c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨K+£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+ £©£¬ÔòÒÔÉϽá¹û
´íÎó
´íÎó
 £¨Ñ¡Ìî¡°ÕýÈ·¡±»ò¡°´íÎó¡±£©
£¨3£©±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳Ðò
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
£®
£¨4£©¶¡×éʵÑéËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÏÂÁÐËãʽµÄ¾«È·½á¹û£¨²»ÄÜ×ö½üËƼÆË㣩£®
c£¨K+£©-c£¨A-£©=
105-109
105-109
mol?L-1     c£¨OH-£©-c£¨HA£©=
109
109
mol?L-1£®
·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©Ëá¼îµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÏàµÈ£¬ÈçΪǿËᣬ·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬ÈçΪÈõËᣬ·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£»
£¨2£©´ÓÈÜÒºµçÖÐÐԵĽǶȷÖÎö£»
£¨3£©µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄËá¼î·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÓÉÓÚNaOHΪǿ¼î£¬Ôò¸ÃËáΪÈõËᣮ
£¨4£©µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄËá¼î·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×ÓÈ«²¿À´×ÔÓÚÈõËá¸ùÀë×ÓË®½âµÃµ½µÄ£¬c£¨OH-£©=
KW
c(H+)
£®ÒÀ¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغ㡢ÎïÁÏÊغã¼ÆËãµÃµ½£®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¶¼Îª0.2mol/L£¬ÔòËá¼îµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÏàµÈ£¬Èça=7£¬ËµÃ÷·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬ÈÜÖÊΪKA£¬ÔòHAÊÇÇ¿ËᣬÈça£¾7£¬ÔòHAÊÇÈõËᣬ·´Ó¦ºó³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÈÜÖÊΪKA»òKAºÍKOH£¬ÈôA-Ë®½â³Ì¶È´óÓÚHAËáµÄµçÀë³Ì¶È£¬ÈÜÖÊ¿ÉÒÔΪKAºÍHA£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºKA£»KAºÍKOH£»KAºÍHA£»
£¨2£©ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚµçºÉÊغ㣬c£¨K+£©+c£¨H+ £©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨A-£©£¬c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+ £©Ôòc£¨A-£©£¼c£¨K+£©£¬ËùÒÔc£¨A-£©£¾c£¨K+£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+ £©ÊÇ´íÎóµÄ£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º´íÎó£»
£¨3£©µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄËá¼î·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÓÉÓÚKOHΪǿ¼î£¬Ôò¸ÃËáΪÈõËᣬÔÚÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚA-+H2O?HA+OH-£¬Ôò
c£¨K+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¬ÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬Ôòc£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¬Ò»°ãÀ´Ëµ£¬ÑÎÀàµÄË®½â³Ì¶È½ÏµÍ£¬ÔòÓÐc£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¬ËùÒÔÓУºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£»
£¨4£©ÈÜÒºµÄpH=9£¬ÔòÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ10-9 mol/L£¬µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄËá¼î·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×ÓÈ«²¿À´×ÔÓÚÈõËá¸ùÀë×ÓË®½âµÃµ½µÄ£¬c£¨OH-£©=
Kw
c(H+)
=
10-14
10-9
=10-5 mol/L£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º10-5£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÁËËá¼î·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºËá¼îÐԵķÖÎöÅжϣ¬ÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغãµÄÓ¦Óã¬Àë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½ÏµÄ·½·¨£¬×¢Òâµç½âÖÊÇ¿ÈõµÄ·ÖÎöÅжϣ¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÏ°Ìâ

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçÏÂ±í£¬Çë»Ø´ð£º
ʵÑé±àºÅ HAÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È£¨mol?L-1£© NaOHÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È£¨mol?L-1£© »ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH
¼× 0.2 0.2 pH=a
ÒÒ c 0.2 pH=7
±û 0.2 0.1 pH£¾7
¶¡ 0.1 0.1 pH=9
£¨1£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈçºÎÓÃa £¨»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH£©À´ËµÃ÷HAÊÇÇ¿ËỹÊÇÈõËá
Èôa=7£¬ÔòHAÊÇÇ¿Ë᣻Èôa£¾7£¬ÔòHAÊÇÈõËá
Èôa=7£¬ÔòHAÊÇÇ¿Ë᣻Èôa£¾7£¬ÔòHAÊÇÈõËá
£®
£¨2£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´ÓÒÒ×éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬CÊÇ·ñÒ»¶¨µÈÓÚ0.2
·ñ
·ñ
£¨Ñ¡Ìî¡°ÊÇ¡±»ò¡°·ñ¡±£©£®»ìºÏÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶Èc£¨A-£©Óë c£¨Na+£©µÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇ
c£¨A-£©=c£¨Na+£©
c£¨A-£©=c£¨Na+£©
£®
£¨3£©±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬HAÊÇ
Èõ
Èõ
ËᣨѡÌî¡°Ç¿¡±»ò¡°Èõ¡±£©£®¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
£®
£¨4£©¶¡×éʵÑéËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨OH-£©=
10-5
10-5
mol?L-1£®

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçÏÂ±í£¬Çë»Ø´ð£º
ʵÑé±àºÅ HAÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È
£¨mol?L-1£©
NaOHÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È
£¨mol?L-1£©
»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH
¼× 0.2 0.2 pH=a
ÒÒ c 0.2 pH=7
±û 0.2 0.1 pH£¾7
¶¡ 0.1 0.1 pH=9
£¨1£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈçºÎÓÃa £¨»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH£©À´ËµÃ÷HAÊÇÇ¿ËỹÊÇÈõËá
a=7ΪǿËᣬa£¾7ΪÈõËá
a=7ΪǿËᣬa£¾7ΪÈõËá
£®
£¨2£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´ÓÒÒ×éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬CÊÇ·ñÒ»¶¨µÈÓÚ0.2
·ñ
·ñ
£¨Ñ¡Ìî¡°ÊÇ¡±»ò¡°·ñ¡±£©£®»ìºÏÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶Èc£¨A-£©Óë c£¨Na+£©µÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇ
c£¨A-£©=c£¨Na+£©
c£¨A-£©=c£¨Na+£©
£®
£¨3£©±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬HAÊÇ
Èõ
Èõ
ËᣨѡÌî¡°Ç¿¡±»ò¡°Èõ¡±£©£®¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
£®
£¨4£©¶¡×éʵÑéËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨OH-£©=
10-5
10-5
mol?L-1£®Ð´³ö¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÏÂÁÐËãʽµÄ¾«È·½á¹û£¨²»Ðè×ö½üËƼÆË㣩£®c£¨Na+£©-c£¨A-£©=
10-5-10-9
10-5-10-9
mol?L-1      c£¨OH-£©-c£¨HA£©=
10-9
10-9
mol?L-1£®

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

£¨¢ñ£©³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHA£¨¼×¡¢ÒÒ¡¢±û¡¢¶¡´ú±í²»Í¬µÄÒ»ÔªËᣩºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçϱíËùʾ£º
ʵÑé
񅧏
HAÎïÖʵÄÁ¿
Ũ¶È/£¨mol?L-1£©
NaOHÎïÖʵÄÁ¿
Ũ¶È/£¨mol?L-1£©
»ìºÏºóÈÜ
񼵀pH
¼× 0.1 0.1 pH=a
ÒÒ 0.12 0.1 pH=7
±û 0.2 0.1 pH£¾7
¶¡ 0.1 0.1 pH=10
£¨1£©´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬ÈçºÎÅжÏHAÊÇÇ¿ËỹÊÇÈõË᣿
a=7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÇ¿Ë᣻a£¾7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÈõËá
a=7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÇ¿Ë᣻a£¾7ʱ£¬HAÊÇÈõËá
£®
£¨2£©ÒÒ×é»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÁ£×ÓŨ¶Èc£¨A-£©ºÍc£¨Na+£©µÄ´óС¹Øϵ
C
C
£®
A£®Ç°Õß´ó  B£®ºóÕß´ó
C£®Á½ÕßÏàµÈ  D£®ÎÞ·¨ÅжÏ
£¨3£©´Ó±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨A-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
£®
£¨4£©·ÖÎö¶¡×éʵÑéÊý¾Ý£¬Ð´³ö»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÏÂÁÐËãʽµÄ¾«È·½á¹û£¨ÁÐʽ£©£º
c£¨Na+£©-c£¨A-£©=
10-4-10-10
10-4-10-10
mol?L-1£®
£¨¢ò£©Ä³¶þÔªËᣨ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÓÃH2B±íʾ£©ÔÚË®ÖеĵçÀë·½³ÌʽÊÇ£ºH2B¨TH++HB-¡¢HB-?H++B2-
»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨5£©ÔÚ0.1mol?L-1µÄNa2BÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÏÂÁÐÁ£×ÓŨ¶È¹ØϵʽÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
AC
AC
£®
A£®c£¨B2-£©+c£¨HB-£©=0.1mol?L-1
B£®c£¨B2-£©+c£¨HB-£©+c£¨H2B£©=0.1mol?L-1
C£®c£¨OH-£©=c£¨H+£©+c£¨HB-£©
D£®c£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨HB-£©

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHXºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈºÍ»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÈçÏÂ±í£º
ʵÑé±àºÅ HXÎïÖʵÄÁ¿
Ũ¶È£¨mol?L-1£©
NaOHÎïÖʵÄÁ¿
Ũ¶È£¨mol?L-1£©
»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH
¼× 0.2 0.2 pH=a
ÒÒ C1 0.2 pH=7
±û 0.2 0.1 pH£¾7
¶¡ C2 C2 pH=10
Çë»Ø´ð£º
£¨1£©²»¿¼ÂÇÆäËü×éµÄʵÑé½á¹û£¬µ¥´Ó¼××éÇé¿ö·ÖÎö£¬Èôa
=
=
7£¨Ì¡¢£¼»ò=£©£¬ÔòHXΪǿË᣻Èôa
£¾
£¾
7£¨Ì¡¢£¼»ò=£©£¬ÔòHXΪÈõËᣮ
£¨2£©ÔÚÒÒ×é»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶Èc£¨X-£©Óëc£¨Na+£©µÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇ
C
C
£®
A£®Ç°Õß´ó    B£®ºóÕß´ó     C£®¶þÕßÏàµÈ       D£®ÎÞ·¨ÅжÏ
£¨3£©´Ó±û×éʵÑé½á¹û·ÖÎö£¬HXÊÇ
Èõ
Èõ
ËᣨѡÌî¡°Ç¿¡±»ò¡°Èõ¡±£©£®¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨X-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨X-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
£®
£¨4£©¶¡×éʵÑéËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨OH-£©=
1¡Á10-4
1¡Á10-4
mol?L-1£®

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«Ä³Ò»ÔªËáHAºÍNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ÊµÑéÐÅÏ¢ÈçÏ£¬ÏÂÁÐÅжϲ»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
ʵÑé±àºÅ c£¨HA£©/mol?L-l c£¨NaOH£©/mol?L-1 ·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºpH
¼× 0.1 0.1 pH=9
ÒÒ c1 0.2 pH=7

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

ͬ²½Á·Ï°²á´ð°¸