£¨2009?Ìì½ò£©Ï±íΪԪËØÖÜÆÚ±íµÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬Çë²ÎÕÕÔªËآ١«¢àÔÚ±íÖеÄλÖã¬Óû¯Ñ§ÓÃÓï»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺

£¨1£©¢Ü¡¢¢Ý¡¢¢ÞµÄÔ­×Ӱ뾶ÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
Na£¾Al£¾O
Na£¾Al£¾O
£¬¢àµÄÒõÀë×ӽṹʾÒâͼΪ
£®
£¨2£©¢Ú¡¢¢Û¡¢¢ßµÄ×î¸ß¼Ûº¬ÑõËáµÄËáÐÔÓÉÇ¿µ½ÈõµÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
HNO3£¾H2CO3£¾H2SiO3
HNO3£¾H2CO3£¾H2SiO3
£®
£¨3£©¢Ù¡¢¢Ü¡¢¢Ý¡¢¢àÖеÄijЩԪËØ¿ÉÐγɼȺ¬Àë×Ó¼üÓÖº¬¼«ÐÔ¹²¼Û¼üµÄ»¯ºÏÎд³öÆäÖÐÒ»ÖÖ»¯ºÏÎïµÄµç×Óʽ£º
»ò
»ò
£®
£¨4£©ÓɱíÖÐÁ½ÖÖÔªËصÄÔ­×Ó°´1£º1×é³ÉµÄ³£¼ûҺ̬»¯ºÏÎïµÄÏ¡ÈÜÒºÒ×±»´ß»¯·Ö½â£¬¿ÉʹÓõĴ߻¯¼ÁΪ£¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©
ab
ab
£®
a£®MnO2       b£®FeCl3       C£®Na2SO3      d£®KMnO4
£¨5£©ÓɱíÖÐÔªËØÐγɵij£¼ûÎïÖÊX¡¢Y¡¢Z¡¢M¡¢N¿É·¢ÉúÒÔÏ·´Ó¦£º

XÈÜÒºÓëYÈÜÒº·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ
Al3++3NH3?H2O¨TAl£¨OH£©3¡ý+3NH4+
Al3++3NH3?H2O¨TAl£¨OH£©3¡ý+3NH4+
£¬N¡ú¢ÞµÄµ¥ÖʵĻ¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ
2Al2O3£¨ÈÛÈÚ£©4Al+3O2¡ü
2Al2O3£¨ÈÛÈÚ£©4Al+3O2¡ü
£¬³£ÎÂÏ£¬ÎªÊ¹0.1mol/L MÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉMµçÀëµÄÒõ¡¢ÑôÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÏàµÈ£¬Ó¦ÏòÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄYÈÜÒºÖÁ
ÈÜÒºµÄpHµÈÓÚ7
ÈÜÒºµÄpHµÈÓÚ7
£®
·ÖÎö£º¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄλÖÿÉÖª£º¢ÙΪH£¬¢ÚΪC£¬¢ÛΪN£¬¢ÜΪO£¬¢ÝΪNa£¬¢ÞΪAl£¬¢ßΪSi£¬¢àΪCl£¬
£¨1£©Í¬Ò»ÖÜÆÚ´Ó×óµ½ÓÒ£¬Ô­×Ӱ뾶Öð½¥¼õС£¬Ô­×ÓºËÍâµç×Ó²ãÊýÔ½¶à£¬°ë¾¶Ô½´ó£»
£¨2£©ÔªËصķǽðÊôÐÔԽǿ£¬¶ÔÓ¦µÄ×î¸ß¼Ûº¬ÑõËáµÄËáÐÔԽǿ£»
£¨3£©¢Ù¡¢¢Ü¡¢¢Ý¡¢¢àÖеÄijЩԪËØ¿ÉÐγɼȺ¬Àë×Ó¼üÓÖº¬¼«ÐÔ¹²¼Û¼üµÄ»¯ºÏÎïΪNaOH»òNa2O2£»
£¨4£©±íÖÐÁ½ÖÖÔªËصÄÔ­×Ó°´1£º1×é³ÉµÄ³£¼ûҺ̬»¯ºÏÎïΪH2O2£»
£¨5£©MΪ½öº¬·Ç½ðÊôÔªËصÄÑΣ¬Ó¦Îªï§ÑΣ¬ÔòZΪ¼ÓÈÈÄÜ·Ö½âµÄ³Áµí»òÆøÌ壬ÓÉ×é³ÉÔªËØ¿É֪ӦΪAl£¨OH£©3£¬NΪAl2O3£¬XÈÜÒºÓëYÈÜÒºÖÐӦΪÂÈ»¯ÂÁ»òÏõËáÂÁºÍ°±Ë®ÈÜÒº£®
½â´ð£º½â£º¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄλÖÿÉÖª£º¢ÙΪH£¬¢ÚΪC£¬¢ÛΪN£¬¢ÜΪO£¬¢ÝΪNa£¬¢ÞΪAl£¬¢ßΪSi£¬¢àΪCl£¬
£¨1£©Na¡¢AlλÓÚͬһÖÜÆÚ£¬NaÔ­×Ӱ뾶´óÓÚAl£¬OÔ­×ÓºËÍâµç×Ó²ãÊý×îÉÙ£¬Ô­×Ӱ뾶×îС£¬ÔòÓÐÔ­×Ӱ뾶£ºNa£¾Al£¾O£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºNa£¾Al£¾O£»£»
£¨2£©·Ç½ðÊôÐÔ£ºN£¾C£¾Si£¬ÔªËصķǽðÊôÐÔԽǿ£¬¶ÔÓ¦µÄ×î¸ß¼Ûº¬ÑõËáµÄËáÐÔԽǿ£¬
ÔòËáÐÔ£ºHNO3£¾H2CO3£¾H2SiO3£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºHNO3£¾H2CO3£¾H2SiO3£»
£¨3£©¢Ù¡¢¢Ü¡¢¢Ý¡¢¢àÖеÄijЩԪËØ¿ÉÐγɼȺ¬Àë×Ó¼üÓÖº¬¼«ÐÔ¹²¼Û¼üµÄ»¯ºÏÎïΪNaOH»òNa2O2£¬¶¼ÎªÀë×Ó»¯ºÏÎµç×Óʽ·Ö±ðΪ£º»ò£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º»ò£»                        
£¨4£©±íÖÐÁ½ÖÖÔªËصÄÔ­×Ó°´1£º1×é³ÉµÄ³£¼ûҺ̬»¯ºÏÎïΪH2O2£¬ÔÚFeCl3»òMnO2´ß»¯×÷ÓÃÏÂÉú³ÉO2£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºab£®
£¨5£©MΪ½öº¬·Ç½ðÊôÔªËصÄÑΣ¬Ó¦Îªï§ÑΣ¬ÔòZΪ¼ÓÈÈÄÜ·Ö½âµÄ³Áµí»òÆøÌ壬ÓÉ×é³ÉÔªËØ¿É֪ӦΪAl£¨OH£©3£¬NΪAl2O3£¬XÈÜÒºÓëYÈÜÒºÖÐӦΪÂÈ»¯ÂÁ»òÏõËáÂÁºÍ°±Ë®ÈÜÒº£¬·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪAl3++3NH3?H2O¨TAl£¨OH£©3¡ý+3NH4+£¬¹¤ÒµÉú²úAlÓõç½âÈÛÈÚÑõ»¯ÂÁµÄ·½·¨£¬»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ2Al2O3£¨ÈÛÈÚ£© 4Al+3O2£¬¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒºµçÖÐÐÔÔ­Ôò£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉMµçÀëµÄÒõ¡¢ÑôÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÏàµÈ£¬ÔòÓ¦ÓУºc£¨OH-£©=c£¨H+£©£¬Ó¦µ÷½ÚÈÜÒºPH=7£®
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAl3++3NH3?H2O¨TAl£¨OH£©3¡ý+3NH4+£»2Al2O3£¨ÈÛÈÚ£© 4Al+3O2£»ÈÜÒºµÄpHµÈÓÚ7£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±íºÍÔªËØÖÜÆÚÂÉ֪ʶ£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬±¾Ìâ×¢Ò⣨5£©ÎªÒ×´íµã£¬×¢ÒâÎïÖʵÄÍƶϣ®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÏ°Ìâ

ͬ²½Á·Ï°²á´ð°¸