·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©¸ù¾Ýn=
¼ÆËã¼×ÍéµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬ÔÙ·½³Ìʽ¼ÆËãÉú³ÉÇâÆøµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£»
£¨2£©Áî»ìºÏÆøÌåÖÊÁ¿Îª100g£¬¼ÆËã¸÷ÆøÌåÖÊÁ¿£¬¸ù¾Ýn=
¼ÆËã¸÷×ÔÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾Ý
=
¼ÆËãƽ¾ùĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿£¬ÏàͬÌõ¼þÏÂÃܶÈÖ®±ÈµÈÓÚĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿Ö®±È£»
£¨3£©·ÖÎöͼ±íÊý¾Ý£¬¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦µÄ·½³Ìʽ½áºÏ±íÖÐÊý¾ÝÁз½³Ìʽ¼ÆË㣻
£¨4£©CH
4ºÍ´¿Ñõ×é³ÉµÄ»ìºÏÆøÌåa molͨÈë×°ÓÐ9.36g Na
2O
2¹ÌÌåµÄÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬Óõç»ð»¨²»¶ÏÒýȼ£¬Ê¹Ö®¸ßÎÂϳä·Ö·´Ó¦£¬¼×ÍéȼÉÕÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ºÍË®£¬¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ºÍË®Óë¹ýÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³É̼ËáÄÆ¡¢ÇâÑõ»¯ÄƺÍÑõÆø£¬»Ö¸´ÖÁ³£ÎÂʱ£¬ÈÝÆ÷ÄÚѹǿ¼¸ºõΪÁ㣬˵Ã÷ÆøÌåÈ«²¿·´Ó¦£¬2CH
4£¨g£©+O
2£¨g£©¡ú2CO£¨g£©+4H
2£¨g£©£¬CH
4+2O
2=CO
2+2H
2O£¬2Na
2O
2+2CO
2=2Na
2CO
3£¬+O
2£¬2H
2O+2Na
2O
2=4NaOH+O
2£¬½áºÏ·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖйýÑõ»¯ÄƺͶþÑõ»¯Ì¼È«²¿·´Ó¦¡¢ºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼È«²¿·´Ó¦£¬ºÍË®²¿·Ö·´Ó¦£¬ºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼¡¢Ë®È«²¿·´Ó¦£¬½áºÏÊ£Óà¹ÌÌå³É·ÖºÍ·´Ó¦¹ý³Ì£¬ÀûÓû¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ¶¨Á¿¹Øϵ·ÖÎö¼ÆË㣮
½â´ð£º
½â£º£¨1£©1m
3£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©CH
4µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª
=44.64mol£¬
2CH
4£¨g£©+O
2£¨g£©¡ú2CO£¨g£©+4H
2£¨g£©
2mol 4mol
44.64mol n
n=44.64¡Á2mol=89.28mol¡Ö89.3£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º89.3£»
£¨2£©¼ÙÉè»ìºÏÆøÌåÖÊÁ¿Îª100g£¬
ÔòÑõÆøÖÊÁ¿=100g¡Á0.32=32g£¬ÆäÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=
=1mol£¬
ÔòµªÆøÖÊÁ¿=100g¡Á0.28=28g£¬ÆäÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=
=1mol£¬
Ôò¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÖÊÁ¿=100g¡Á0.22=22g£¬ÆäÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=
=0.5mol£¬
Ôò¼×ÍéÖÊÁ¿=100g¡Á0.16=16g£¬ÆäÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=
=1mol£¬
ÔòÇâÆøÖÊÁ¿=100g¡Á0.02=2g£¬ÆäÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=
=1mol£¬
¹Ê»ìºÏÆøÌåƽ¾ùĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿=
¡Á100%=22.22g/mol£¬¹Ê»ìºÏÆøÌå¶ÔH
2µÄÏà¶ÔÃܶÈΪ22.22g/mol¡Â2g/mol=11.1£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º11.1£»
£¨3£©Éè·´Ó¦µÄÑõÆøΪx£¬Ë®Îªy
CH
4£¨g£©+H
2O£¨g£©¡úCO£¨g£©+3H
2£¨g£© ¢Ù
x x x 3x
2CH
4£¨g£©+O
2£¨g£©¡ú2CO£¨g£©+4H
2£¨g£© ¢Ú
2y y 2y 4y
CO£¨g£©+H
2O£¨g£©¡úCO
2£¨g£©+H
2£¨g£© ¢Û
10 10 10 10
x=10
y=7.5
=
=3£º5£»
CH
4¡¢H
2O£¨g£©ºÍ¸»Ñõ¿ÕÆøµÄÌå»ý±È=£¨x+2y£©£º£¨10+x£©£º£¨y+4.5+20£©=25£º20£º32£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º3£º5£»25£º20£º32£»
£¨4£©È¡CH
4ºÍ´¿Ñõ×é³ÉµÄ»ìºÏÆøÌåa molͨÈë×°ÓÐ9.36g Na
2O
2¹ÌÌåµÄÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬¹ýÑõ»¯ÄÆÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=
=0.12mol£¬Óõç»ð»¨²»¶ÏÒýȼ£¬Ê¹Ö®¸ßÎÂϳä·Ö·´Ó¦£¬»Ö¸´ÖÁ³£ÎÂʱ£¬ÈÝÆ÷ÄÚѹǿ¼¸ºõΪÁ㣬˵Ã÷ÎÞÆøÌåÊ£Óࣻ2CH
4£¨g£©+O
2£¨g£©¡ú2CO£¨g£©+4H
2£¨g£©£¬Na
2O
2+CO=Na
2CO
3£¬H
2+Na
2O
2=2NaOH
Ê£Óà¹ÌÌåΪNa
2CO
3£¬NaOH£¬Na
2O
2 £¬ËµÃ÷·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖÐÎÞˮʣÓ࣬a£¼0.06mol n=2£º1
Ê£Óà¹ÌÌåΪNa
2CO
3£¬NaOH£¬ÈôÎÞˮʣÓ࣬a=0.06mol n=2£º1£»ÈôÓÐˮʣÓà0.06£¼a£¼0.3£¬n=
£¬1£º1.5£¼n£¼2£º1£»
Ê£Óà¹ÌÌåΪNa
2CO
3 £¬Òþº¬Ìõ¼þÊ£ÓàË®£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÔªËØÊغã¼ÆËã
NaÔªËØÊغãn£¨Na
2CO
3£©=n£¨Na
2O
2£©=0.12mol
CÔªËØÊغãn£¨CH
4£©=0.12mol
HÔªËØÊغ㣨H
2O£©=0.24mol
OÔªËØÊغã n£¨O
2£©=0.18mol
a=0.3mol£¬n=
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º
aÈ¡Öµ | n=VCH4/VO2 | Ê£Óà¹ÌÌå |
a£¼0.06mol | 2£º1 | Na2CO3£¬NaOH£¬Na2O2 |
a=0.06mol | 2£º1 | Na2CO3£¬NaOH |
0.06mol£¼a£¼0.3mol | 1£º1.5£¼n£¼2£º1 | Na2CO3£¬NaOH |
a=0.3mol | 1£º1.5 | Na2CO3 |