Question

1£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

• A£® ijËáÐÔÈÜÒºÖÐÖ»º¬ÓÐNa⁺£®CH₃COO^-£®H⁺£®OH^-£¬Ïò¸ÃÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÊÊÁ¿°±Ë®£¬c£¨CH₃COO^-_£©Ò»¶¨´óÓÚc£¨Na⁺£©Óë c£¨NH₄⁺£©Ö®ºÍ
• B£® ³£ÎÂϽ«0.01molCH₃COONaºÍ0.004molHClÈÜÓÚË®£¬ÅäÖƳÉ0.5L»ìºÏÈÜÒº£®ÈÜÒºÖÐn£¨CH₃COO^-£©+n£¨OH^-£©-n£¨H⁺£©=0.006mol
• C£® ÏòÏõËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖеμÓÏ¡ÑÎËáµÃµ½µÄpH=5µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒº£ºc£¨Na⁺£©£¼c£¨NO₃^-£©
• D£® ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÏàµÈµÄNaFºÍNaCNÈÜÒºÖÐÒõÀë×Ó×ÜÊýÏàµÈ

Answer 1

·ÖÎö A£®Èô¼ÓÈëÊÊÁ¿°±Ë®ÖÁ¼îÐÔ£¬ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚc£¨CH₃COO^-£©+c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨Na⁺£©+c£¨NH₄⁺£©+c£¨H⁺£©£¬¾Ý´Ë·ÖÎö£»
B£®¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغã¼ÆËãÈÜÒºÖÐn£¨CH₃COO^-£©+n£¨OH^-£©-n£¨H⁺£©µÄÖµ£»
C£®pH=5µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒº£¬ÄÆÀë×Ó¡¢ÏõËá¸ùÀë×Ó²»µçÀë¡¢²»Ë®½â£¬¸ù¾ÝÎïÁÏÊغãÅжϣ»
D£®HFºÍHCN¶¼ÊÇÈõËᣬHFµÄËáÐÔ±ÈHCNµÄËáÐÔÇ¿£¬ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈºÍÌå»ý¾ùÏàͬµÄNaFºÍNaCNÁ½ÖÖÈÜÒºÖÐÒõÀë×ÓË®½â³Ì¶ÈF^-£¼CN^-£®

½â´ð ½â£ºA£®Èô¼ÓÈëÊÊÁ¿°±Ë®ÖÁ¼îÐÔ£¬ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚc£¨CH₃COO^-£©+c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨Na⁺£©+c£¨NH₄⁺£©+c£¨H⁺£©£¬ÒòΪc£¨OH^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¬Ôòc£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¼c£¨Na⁺£©+c£¨NH₄⁺£©£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغã¿ÉÖª£¬n£¨Na⁺£©+n£¨H⁺£©=n£¨Cl^-£©+n£¨OH^-£©+n£¨CH₃COO^- £©£¬ËùÒÔn£¨CH₃COO^-£©+n£¨OH^-£©-n£¨H⁺£©=n£¨Na⁺£©-n£¨Cl^-£©=0.01mol-0.004mol=0.006mol£®¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C£®ÏòÏõËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖеμÓÏ¡ÑÎËáµÃµ½µÄpH=5µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÒÀ¾ÝÎïÁÏÊغãµÃµ½c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨NO₃^-£©£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D£®HFºÍHCN¶¼ÊÇÈõËᣬHFµÄËáÐÔ±ÈHCNµÄËáÐÔÇ¿£¬ÈõËáÔ½Èõ¶ÔÓ¦Ëá¸ùÒõÀë×ÓË®½â³Ì¶ÈÔ½´ó£¬ËùÒÔÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈºÍÌå»ý¾ùÏàͬµÄNaFºÍNaCNÁ½ÖÖÈÜÒºÖÐÒõÀë×ÓË®½â³Ì¶ÈF^-£¼CN^-£¬Ë®½âÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÒõÀë×Ó×ÜÊý²»ÏàµÈ£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡B£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁ˵ç½âÖÊÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½Ï¡¢µçºÉÊغã·ÖÎö¡¢ÎïÁÏÊغãÅжϡ¢ÑÎÀàË®½âÔ­ÀíµÈ֪ʶµã£¬ÕÆÎÕ»ù´¡ÊǽâÌâ¹Ø¼ü£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®