18.解: (1) ∵
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------------------- (2分)
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是等比数列,公比是
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.------------------------------------------- (3分)
又
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------ (4分)
(2)因为
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①
当
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时,
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②--------------------- (5分)
①-②得
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-------------- (7分)
当
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时,
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也满足上式
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------------------------------------------------------------(8分)
(3)由(1),(2)可得
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,
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------------------------- (9分)
令数列
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的前n项和为
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,数列
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的前n项和为
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则
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--------------------------------- ------------------------ (10分)
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③
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④
③-④可得:
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-------------- (11分)
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----------------------------------------------- (12分)
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--------------------- (13分)
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------------------- --------------------------------- (14分)