精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情
20.The unusual ability of blind people to"sense"unseen objects has been demonstrated for the first time in sighted volunteers whose vision was blanked out by scientists.
The findings suggest"blindsight",which has been observed in blind people whose eyes function normally but who have suffered damage to the brain's Visual centre,is a real and not imagined phenomenon.
In the tests,the blind have been able to distinguish basic shapes of objects they cannot see,as well as their orientation(定向)and direction of motion.On other occasions a blind person has reported experiencing a"feeling"that an object is present,while not being able to see it.
A number of theories have been proposed to explain"blindsight".Generally,it is suggested that other parts of the brain besides the primary visual cortex respond to nerve messages from the eyes at an unconscious level.
Scientists from the University of Houston in Texas temporarily blinded a group of 12volunteers by using an electromagnetic field to shut down the primary visual cortex.Images were then flashed in front of them on a screen.
In one experiment,volunteers were shown either a horizontal(水平的)or vertical bar.In another,a red or green dot appeared.
Most of the time,the volunteers were unaware of the images with which they were presented.But they guessed either the orientation of the bar or the colour of the dot correctly more often than would have been expected by the law of averages.
The researchers said the findings suggested that a visual pathway bypassing the primary visual cortex must be responsible for"blindsight".

32.What do we know about the primary visual cortex in the brain?D
A.It can be replaced by other parts of the brain.
B.It works by sending messages to the eyes.
C.It is the only part to react to messages from the eyes.
D.It is not the only part to react to messages from the eyes.
33.Why was the primary visual cortex shut down in the experiment?A
A.So that the volunteers couldn't see.
B.So that images could flash on a screen.
C.In order to test the volunteers'eyes.
D.In order to get messages from the eyes.
34.Which of the following can replace the underlined word"bypassing"in the last paragraph?B
A.Leading to.B.Going around.C.Existing in.D.Coming from.
35.In this text,the author explains.B
A.why"blindsight"is needed
B.how"blindsight"possibly occurs
C.how the primary visual cortex works
D.why the primary visual cortex is important.

分析 短文主要讲了盲视这种情况,并通过实验解释其是如何产生的.

解答 32.D,细节理解题,根据句子it is suggested that other parts of the brain besides the primary visual cortex respond to nerve messages from the eyes at an unconscious level.可知,大脑的其他部分也会接受眼睛得到的神经信息,故答案为D.
33.A,细节理解题,根据句子Scientists from the University of Houston in Texas temporarily blinded a group of 12volunteers by using an electromagnetic field to shut down the primary visual cortex可知,在实验中关闭志愿者的初级视皮层是为了让他们看不到,故答案为A.
34.B,词义猜测题,从前面实验中看到的volunteers were shown either a horizontal(水平的)or vertical bar.In another,a red or green dot appeared,志愿者看到的是水平的或垂直的条状物,或是红点绿点,可以推测这里提到的视通路是"围绕"着初级视皮层的,故答案为B.
35.B,主旨大意题,短文主要讲了盲视这种情况,并通过实验解释其是如何产生的,故答案为B.

点评 解答任务型阅读理解题,首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意.因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料.其次,细读题材,各个击破.掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息.最后,要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性.对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准.

练习册系列答案
相关习题

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:短文改错

10.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共
有10处错误,每句中最多有两处.错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词.
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意:
   1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.
My brother used to ask me question whenever he did his homework,that made me annoyed.But every time he accepted my explanations I feel that I was the smartest person in the world.Answered his questions,I always liked to say that he was so stupid to solve such simple problems.
Last week both of them got the report cards from our school.Unexpectedly,I got a lot of Bs,though he got As.To make things worse,all that day my brother screamed how foolish it was for me not to ask questions!I could say nothing but admit that he was right.I have never made a fun of him since then.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

11.Who decided that blue jeans and T-shirts are"cool"for kids to wear today?Who designs the clothes you see for sale in stores?All of these questions concern the world of fashion.
Fashion refers to the styles of dress that are currently popular.Fashion goes beyond just clothes,though.It's important for some people to wear only the latest fashions and styles.For others,though,keeping up with trends isn't that important.The one thing that stays the same with fashion is this:it always changes!
In the 1960s and 1970s,hippies made bell-bottomed blue jeans popular.In the 1980s,Michael Jackson made parachute pants (降落伞裤) all the fashion.Now try to find these items in today's clothing stores!
Why do fashions change?The answer is probably as simple as the fact that people change.Over time,the new replaces the old.People are influenced greatly by popular culture,including athletes,musicians,movie stars,as well as popular films,television shows,books and music.We are also influenced by the fashion industry's advertising.
The stars of popular culture are always searching for a new angle to maintain (保持) their popularity.Often these new angles come in the form of new clothing or hairstyles.When people see these new styles,they often want to imitate their favorite stars.To do so,they seek out the latest fashions to make themselves look like the people they want to imitate.In this way,fashions evolve and change over time.
For years,clothes have been used to separate people into groups.Even today,brand-name clothing that is more expensive than other types of clothing can be used by some people to distinguish themselves from others.
Unfortunately,this can often have the effect of distancing certain groups from others.Don't forget that it's always OK to develop your own sense of style that is unique and separate from what the fashion world determines!Stay true to yourself and let your personality-not your clothes-speak for who you are!
32.The examples of bell-bottomed blue jeans and parachute pants in Paragraph 3suggest thatA.
A.fashion always changes    
B.stars are always influential
C.people have different dressing styles
D.hippies and Michael Jackson are good designers
33.Fashions change mainly becauseB.
A.advertisements change rapidly      
B.popular culture influences people
C.movie stars are changing over time  
D.new films and shows replace the old
34.In the last paragraph,the author mainly wants to stressD.
A.the advantages of staying unique   
B.the bad effects of following fashion
C.the good influences of popular styles
D.the importance of having one's own personality
35.We can learn from the text thatC.
A.fashion is all about clothes    
B.the author has gone out of fashion
C.clothes may separate and distance people
D.people like imitating others'dressing style.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

8.What kind of music do you like(61)best(good)?My(62)favourite(favour) is pop music.It really took off in the 1950s,when the electric guitar(63)was invented(invent).When someone had the bright idea of putting a microphone inside the guitar,a whole new range (64)ofsounds became possible.The origins of pop music lie in jazz-a type of music which became (65)increasingly(increase) popular among young people.The first real pop superstar is Elvis Presley,(66)theking of rock music.He was (67)followed(follow) in the 1960s and 70s by the rock supergroups.And I was still a little child when the Beatles had the first hit of (68)theirs(their).It was amazing!Suddenly,pop music came to life and everyone wanted to be part of it.After the Beatles came the heavy rock:the Rolling Stones,Led Zeppelin,and Queen,and then rock music (69)spread(spread) across the world.Young people (70)who/thatlive in the countries as far apart as Canada and Japan have been influenced by American and British pop music for over 40 years now.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

15.
The unique coloration (自然花纹) of the giant panda that is loved by many people has long been a mystery to scientists.But now a joint research team believes they have solved the mystery,once and for all.
The black and white patches on the giant panda mainly have two functions-camouflage (伪装) and communication,the joint research team from University of California,Davis,and California State University,Long Beach explains.
The giant panda's white face,the back of ear,the back of tongue,belly,and rump(臀部)are adapted for crypsis (隐蔽) against a snowy background,whereas its black shoulders and legs are adapted for crypsis in shade,according to the study that the joint research team published in the journal of Behavioral Ecology on Feb.28.
However,dark markings on the head are not used in crypsis,but in communication:dark ears may be involved with signaling intention about aggressive behavior while dark eye marks may serve in individual recognition,according to the study.
There is no strong evidence for their fur color being involved in temperature regulation,disrupting the animal's outline or in reducing eye glare,the study explains.
"Understanding why the giant panda has such striking coloration has been a long-standing (存在已久的) problem in biology that has been difficult to tackle because actually no other mammal has this appearance,making analogies difficult,"said Dr.Tim Karo,a professor from the University of California and the lead researcher.

28.Which of the following body parts of pandas serve as intention of violence?A
A.Dark ears.B.White face.C.White belly.D.The dark markings on the head.
29.The underlined word"tackle"in the last paragraph is closest in meaning toB.
A.analyze       B.solve     C.discover       D.face
30.Which of the following statements is FALSE?C
A.The white legs are used for disguise in shade.
B.The dark eye marks may act as individual recognition.
C.The fur color of a panda is involved in temperature regulation.
D.The white rump of the panda is used for disguise against a snowy background.
31.Where would you be most likely to find the text?D
A.a science fiction   B.Children's literature   C.an official document   D.a science report.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

5.It's a brand new world-a world built around brands.Hard charging,noise making,culture shaping brands are everywhere.They're on supermarket shelves,of course,but also in business plans for dotcom startups and in the names of sports complexes.Brands are infiltrating(渗透)people's everyday lives-by sticking their logos on clothes,in concert programs,on subway station walls,even in elementary school classrooms.
We live in an age in which CBS newscasters wear Nike jackets on the air,in which Burger King and McDonald's open newsstands in elementary-school lunchrooms,in which schools like Stanford University are endowed with a Yahoo!Founders Chair.But as brands reach (and then overreach)into every aspect of our lives,the companies behind them invite more questions,deeper examination-and an inevitable backlash (强烈反应) by consumers.
"Our intellectual lives and our public spaces are being taken over by marketing-and that has real implications for citizenship,"says author and activist Naomi Klein."It's important for any healthy culture to have public space-a place where people are treated as citizens instead of as consumers.We've completely lost that space."
Since the mid-1980s,as more and more companies have shiftedfrom being about products to being about ideas-Starbucks isn't selling coffee;it's selling community!-those companies have poured more and more resources into marketing campaigns.
To pay for those campaigns,those same companies figured out ways to cut costs else where-for example,by using contract labor at home and low-wage labor in developing countries.Contract laborers are hired on a temporary,per-assignment basis,and employers have no obligation to provide any benefits(such as health insurance)or long-term job security.This saves companies money but obviously puts workers in vulnerable situations.In the United States,contract labor has given rise to so-called McJobs,which employers and workers alike pretend are temporary-even though these jobs are usually held by adults who are trying to support families.
The massive expansionof marketing campaigns in the 1980s coincided with the reduction of government spending for schools and for museums.This made those institutions much too willing,even eager,to partner with private companies.But companies took advantage of the needs of those institutions,reaching too far,and overwhelming the civic space with their marketing agendas.

31.What does the passage intend to tell us?D
A.The problems with current corporate practices.
B.The nature of current marketing campaigns and strategies.
C.The importance of brands in American culture.
D.The excessive presence of brands and marketing in people's lives.
32.What is Naomi Klein's attitude towards the infiltration of brands into public spaces?A
A.Concerned.B.Indifferent.C.Favorable.D.Optimistic.
33.The passage suggests that most contract laborers in the U.S.B.
A.pretend to be permanent workers
B.may have trouble supporting their families financially
C.have work conditions comparable to those of low-wage workers overseas
D.are likely to receive health benefits from their employers
34.We may infer from the last paragraph thatC.
A.inadequate federal funding facilitated the privatization of schools and museums
B.government reduced spending for schools and museums for their cooperation with companies
C.public institutions were only too anxious to accept corporate marketing as a source of funding
D.by the 1980s,very few public institutions were not being funded by corporations.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

12.Prosocial behaviors are those intended to help other people.Behaviors that can be described as prosocial include feeling empathy(同感) and concern for others and behaving in ways to help or benefit other people.
Prosocial behavior has long posed a challenge to social scientists seeking to understand why people engage in helping behaviors that are beneficial to others,but costly to the individual performing the action.Why would people do something that benefits someone else but offers no immediate benefit to the doer?
Psychologists suggest that there are a number of reasons why people engage in prosocial behavior.In manycases,such behaviors are fostered during childhood and adolescence as adults encourage children to share,act kindly,and help others.Prosocial behaviors are often seen as being compelled by a number of factors including egoistic reasons (doing things to improve one's self-image),reciprocal benefits (doing something nice for someone so that they may one day return the favor),and more altruistic reasons (performing actions purely out of empathy for another individual).
Characteristics of the situation can also have a powerful impact on whether or not people engage in prosocial actions.The bystander effect is one of the most notable examples of how the situation can impact helping behaviors.The bystander effect refers to the tendency for people to become less likely to assist a person in distress when there are a number of other people also present.For example,if you drop your purse and several items fall out on the ground,the likelihood that someone will stop and help you decreases if there are many other people present.This same sort of thing can happen in cases where someone is in serious danger,such as when someone is involved in a car accident.In some cases,witnesses might assume that since there are so many other people present,someone else will have surely already called for help.
Why do people help in some situations but not in others?Experts have discovered a number of different situational variables that contribute to (and sometimes interfere with) prosocial behaviors.First,the more people that are present decreases the amount of personal responsibility people feel in a situation.People also tend to look to others for how to respond in such situations,particularly if the event contains some level of ambiguity.Fear of being judged by other members of the group also plays a role.People sometimes fear leaping to assistance,only to discover that their help was unwanted or unwarranted.In order to avoid being judged by other bystanders,people simply take no action.
Experts have suggested that some key things must happen in order for a person to take action.

61.Prosocial behaviors are motivated for all the following reasons EXCEPTB.
A.empathy for another individual
B.instant benefits of helping others
C.parental influences in the early life
D.the desire to better one's self-image
62.What does the underlined word"distress"in the fourth paragraph mean?D
A.peace    
B.despair     
C.comfort      
D.trouble
63.Which situation can be described as the bystander effect?A
A.When hearing an injured lady crying for help,the neighbors didn't take action.
B.Seeing an old man slipping on the icy road,many people volunteered to help.
C.A woman was to give birth on the train and you were the only doctor there.
D.On the scene of your colleague's traffic accident,you called the police for help
64.After the last paragraph,the most possible topic could beD.
A.possible benefits of prosocial behavior
B.various reasons for prosocial behavior
C.situational influences on prosocial behavior
D.skills and knowledge to provide assistance.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:完形填空

9.The moment I stepped off my plane after a writer's conference,my youngest son Jeremy greeted me and cried,"Poster paper,Mama!I need poster paper.We're having a(41)Dat school."
Being a housewifeandwriter,I felt like no matter how hard I tried,I couldn't keep up with theneeds of my(42)B.Back at home,Jeremy kept reminding me of the posterpaper,but I just couldn't(43)Aa minute for it.Gradually though,he began to speak more(44)B,almost as though he were talking to himself.Maybe he'll just(45)Cit,I thought hopefully.So I put Jeremy's request at the(46)Aof my long list of things to do.
My thirddayhome I managed totakefifteen minutes to type an article when a small(47)Dfell across my paper.I knew who it would be before I(48)D.Jeremy stood quietly watching me.Oh.Lord,please don't let him say it again.I knew what he wanted but I needed to(49)BI smiled(50)Cat Jeremy and kept typing.He(51)Afor a few more minutes,then turned and walked away.I almost didn't hear his(52)A."Competition is over tomorrow,anyway."The small figure walking out of my room,a silent voice spoke urgently to my heart,"Get him that paper-now!"
"Let's go to get thepaper,Jeremy."He stopped,(53)Cand looked at me in(54)C"You'regoing to the store just for me?"I(55)D.Suddenly,a look of(56)Dshot across his face,erasing the disbelief.I don't think I'll ever(57)Cthat moment.Later that day,he worked silently on the(58)Call afternoon.And a few weeks later,a large yellow envelope came.Inside it was the Certificate of Award.So(59)Awas I that I didn't turned away from his(60)Bto get him some poster paper.
41.A.raceB.classC.ceremonyD.competition
42.A.colleaguesB.familyC.neighborsD.relatives
43.A.spareB.waitC.spendD.lose
44.A.slowlyB.softlyC.confidentlyD.meanly
45.A.wantB.buyC.forgetD.get
46.A.bottomB.topC.beginningD.corner
47.A.letterB.footC.imageD.shadow
48.A.woke upB.stood upC.got upD.looked up
49.A.restB.typeC.learnD.exercise
50.A.widelyB.happilyC.weaklyD.politely
51.A.watchedB.searchedC.hesitatedD.complained
52.A.commentB.footstepsC.warningD.advice
53.A.fell overB.sat downC.turned aroundD.walked away
54.A.peaceB.reliefC.astonishmentD.silence
55.A.doubtedB.arguedC.apologizedD.nodded
56.A.surpriseB.sadnessC.disappointmentD.excitement
57.A.enjoyB.rememberC.forgetD.value
58.A.storyB.questionC.posterD.composition
59.A.gratefulB.generousC.forgetfulD.selfless
60.A.opinionB.requestC.promiseD.gift

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

4.Henry is a determined boy.Once he makes up his mind,nothing can stop him.Years ago he was crazy about jazz and wanted to form a jazz band.His relatives and friends noticed all his free time (61)was devoted (devote) to his dream.However,(62)withno money,he didn't have enough training as a musician.Although Henry knew all of these (63)difficulties(difficult),he still thought he could manage (64)it.He took musical lessons from (65)an experienced singer.(66)Fortunately(fortunate),the singer helps him with careful guidance,(67)offering(offer) him many opportunities.
Now,Henry is a well-known pop singer,and has many occasions (68)when he can give performances.Over the past four years,more than 50performances (69)have been put(put) on.But he is not satisfied with (70)what he has already got.What crazy ideas will he get?Only time can tell.

查看答案和解析>>

同步练习册答案