Question

Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less usable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.

Hunan activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺). Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.

Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference, too. In the United States, a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much depend on water to live, but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.

You can take steps to save water in you home. To start with, use the same glass for drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.

60. Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?

A. Using river water.                      B. Throwing batteries away.

C. Paving parking lots.                     D. Throwing rubbish into lakes.

61. What can be inferred from the text?

A. All water shortages are due to human behavior.

B. It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.

C. There is much we can do to reduce family size.

D. The average family in America makes proper use of water.

63. The last paragraph is intended to_______.

A. show us how to fix leaks at home

B. tell us how to run a dishwater

C. prove what drinking glass is best for us.

D. suggest what we do to save water at home

64. The text is mainly about________.

A. why paving roads reduce our water

B. how much we depend on water to live

C. why droughts occur more in dry climates

D. how human activity affects our water supply

Answer 1

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，内容主要论及人类淡水资源的问题。本文先是分类说明人类活动将会对淡水资源的短缺与否造成影响，进而通过实例介绍在日常生活中我们应当如何节约使用淡水。

段落	关键词、句	大意概括
第一部分 （Para. 1）	using too much water or throwing rubbish into rivers; clear ways; paving road; less obvious ways	介绍人类影响淡水资源供应的两种方式：明显的方式和不太明显的方式。
第二部分 （Para. 2-3）	human activity; water shortages; good management; enough water	人类活动影响水资源供应，人类生活高度依赖水资源，因此应该而且可以通过管好自己来节约水资源。
第三部分 (Para. 4)	Save water in your home; glass; dishwasher; recycling batteries	举例介绍家庭生活中有助于节约水资源的几种小窍门。

【解析】

60. C。细节理解题。难度：中等。题干关键词为“lead to less groundwater”，由此定位文章第一段最后一句。根据最后一句The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.可知，我们铺设的道路和停车场越多，可流入地面成为地下水的水就越少。所以，C答案正确。

61. B。推理判断题。难度：较易。文章主要论述了人类活动对淡水资源的影响以及人们应如何节约使用淡水，根据文章主旨大意可推断，满足我们的用水需求需做出大量的努力，所以B答案正确。

62. D。主旨大意题。难度：中等。首句就是文章的主题句，后面通过to start with等可知这是步骤。只有D项符合。其它选项都是针对某个部分。

解题思路：对于段落的主旨大意题，一定要抓首句，或者末句。

63. D。主旨大意题。难度：较难。文章首段是导入，尤其是第一句统领全文。第一句中的but是个转折关系的标志词，说明了文章的重点和affect our water supply有关。

【难句学习】

1. Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. 

翻译：用太多水或者往河里丢垃圾，这些很明显是人为地危害我们的水源，但是我们也在以一些不太明显的方式破坏着自己的水源。

分析：本句为并列复合句。连词but并列两个分句，分句一Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger和分句二we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways，其中分句一中的主干是Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways 。that引导定语从句，先行词ways在从句中作方式状语。

2. Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.

翻译：干燥的气候当然比多雨气候更易导致干旱，但良好的管理任何时候都有助于保障人们基本所需的用水。

分析：本句为并列复合句，并列部分由连词but连接，but后的并列分句in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.为复合句。其中there is enough water to meet our basic needs为make sure的宾语从句。句中“are more likely to”意为“更可能”。