Question

【题目】Directions : After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Before age 3, most children lack the necessary skills to lie. Somewhere between the ages of 3 and 8 though, a lot of children become shockingly skillful at telling lies. A group of 3-year-olds 【1】(seat) in a room and told not to peek at a toy placed out of sight while the adult left the room. When they were later asked if they had peeked, only about half of the kids attempted to lie. This was repeated with 7-year-olds, and the majority of the kids avoided telling the truth.

At first, it is because they can 【2】 children lie. They reach a point developmentally 【3】 they realize that they can say something that is not true. These lies are not a sign of moral failures in 【4】 the parents or the child.

By age 7 or 8, most children lie for two reasons. One is to escape punishment and to remain in your good graces. Children figure out that 【5】 they say they did not do something, they may be able to avoid punishment. Older children are also better than the younger ones at reading human emotion and predicting your reaction. Since most of the children want to make their parents happy, their lies may be a 【6】(misguide) attempt to provide the right answer. The kid who tells you that he did not break the vase, even in the presence of a broken vase, is just telling you what you want to hear. He knows you would be upset about the vase, so he makes up a lie to make you happy.

Ironically, kids of strict parents are actually more likely to lie than 【7】 from a more laid-back home. A child who knows that he gets spanked for doing wrong may feel motivated to lie more often and he may become more skilled at it, because he knows 【8】(catch) will lead to punishment.

When it comes to telling the truth, when a child matures and ages you will see the lies become 【9】(frequent). This is a result of more mature kids learning responsibility and being accountable 【10】 their actions. If your youngster is telling lies, don’t panic. He will most likely grow out of this stage with the help of his parents setting the right moral values. The experiment in this article was performed by parents and children.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】were seated

【2】that

【3】where

【4】either

【5】when / if

【6】misguided

【7】those

【8】being caught

【9】less frequent

【10】for

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了3岁到8岁大的孩子很擅长说谎，但是长大后就不那么能说谎了。

【1】考查动词时态语态。句意：一群3岁大的孩子坐在一个房间里，被告知在大人离开房间时不要偷看放在视线之外的玩具。be seated表示“坐下”，“left”表明用一般过去时，主语是A group of 3-year-olds，谓语动词用复数，故填were seated。

【2】考查强调句型。句意：起初，孩子们撒谎是因为他们会撒谎。此处为强调句型，其基本结构为it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分，此处强调的是原因状语because they can，故填that。

【3】考查定语从句。句意：他们发展到这样一个阶段，他们意识到他们可以说一些不真实的东西。此处定语从句，先行词为a point，表示“……阶段”，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。

【4】考查代词。句意：这些谎言并不是父母或孩子道德失败的标志。either…or…表示“或者、二选一的”，故填either。

【5】考查条件/时间状语从句。句意：孩子们发现，如果/当他们说他们没有做什么，他们可能可以避免惩罚。此处表示“如果”，也可以表示“当……的时候”，故填when / if。

【6】考查形容词。句意：由于大多数孩子想让他们的父母高兴，他们的谎言可能是提供正确答案的错误尝试。修饰名词attempt 用形容词，misguided表示“被误导的、误入歧途的”，故填misguided。

【7】考查代词。句意：来自父母严厉的家庭的孩子比那些来自父母管得不那么严的家庭的孩子更容易撒谎。此处与前面的kids一致用复数，表示“那些（孩子）”，故填those。

【8】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为他知道被抓住会受到惩罚。作主语用动名词，he与catch之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式作主语，故填being caught。

【9】考查形容词比较级。句意：说到说实话，当一个孩子长大成人，你会发现说谎变得不那么频繁了。此处有一个隐晦的比较意义，是长大后和小时候的对比，应该用形容词比较级，表示“不那么频繁、次数更少”，故填less frequent。

【10】考查介词。句意：这是更成熟的孩子学习责任和对自己的行为负责的结果。be accountable for表示“对……负责”，故填for。

注意在模糊地点先行词后由关系副词where引导定语从句，当先行词是case，degree，situation，point，stage，job，position，activity，age，system，race，conditions，scene，spot，family等，表示某人或某物所处的情况或发展的阶段，并且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语时，一般用关系副词where引导定语从句，如：Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills. 销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售技巧同样重要的职位。