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【题目】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

In Europe, most capital cities 1plan)and built before cars,and city centre traffic jams 2be)part of daily life for a long time.The situation in central London, 3drivers spent fifty percent of their time in queues,became so bad 4 the local government decided to do something about it.In February 2003 the mayor of London introduced a"congestion charge"-a tax for cars 5enter)the centre of the city.

【答案】

1were planned

2have been

3where

4that

5entering

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文,介绍了伦敦市中心的交通堵塞情况以及当地政府出台的解决措施。

1

考查时态语态。句意:在欧洲,大多数国家的首都是在汽车出现之前规划和建造的,市中心的交通堵塞早已成为日常生活的一部分。事情发生在过去,主语capital citiesplan之间是被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,且谓语动词用复数,故填were planned

2

考查时态。句意同上,此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响,应该用现在完成时,主语是traffic jams,谓语动词用复数,故填have been

3

考查非限定性定语从句。句意:在伦敦市中心,司机们一半的时间都在排队,情况变得如此糟糕,以至于当地政府决定采取措施。此处为非限定性定语从句,关系词指代先行词London并在从句中作地点状语,故填where

4

考查结果状语从句。句意同上,so...that...表示“如此……以致”,用that引导结果状语从句,故填that

5

考查非谓语动词。句意:20032月,伦敦市长推出了一项“交通拥堵费”——对进入市中心的汽车征税。分析句子结构可知此处使用非谓语动词,carsenter之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词作后置定语,故填entering

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