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    You’re rushing to work and a man ahead of you collapses on the sidewalk. Do you stop to help? In a study of by-standers, it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on  walking rather than stop and get involved.
    “There is a tendency to decide that no action is needed.” says a psychologist. “The first thoughts that pop into your mind often keep you from offering help. In order to take action, you have to work against them.” Here are some common thoughts that might prevent you from helping.
    ● Why should I be the one? I’m probably not the most competent person in this crowd. You might think someone older or with more medical knowledge should offer assistance.
    ● What if he doesn’t really need my help? The fear of embarrassment is powerful; no one wants to risk looking foolish in front of others.
    ● No one else looks concerned- this must not be a problem. We can follow the people around us, but most people tend to hold back their emotions in public.
    “If you spot trouble and find yourself explaining inaction, force yourself to stop and evaluate the situation instead of walking on,” says the psychologist. “Then retry to involve other people; you don’t have to take on the entire responsibility of being helpful. Sometimes it’s just a matter of turning to the person next to you and saying, ‘It looks like we should do something.’ Or asking someone if an ambulance has been called and, if not, to call for one. Once you take action, most people will follow you.”
    小题1:Which is NOT the common thought that stops you from helping others?
    A．I’m not the very person capable of setting the problenu.
    B．It looks like we should do something.
    C．It must not be a problem as no one else is concerned.
    D．He doesn’t really need my help.
    小题2:According to a study of by-standers, what will some people do when a man ahead falls down on the sidewalk?
    A．They will call for help and then walk away.
    B．They will stop and offer help.
    C．They will turn away their eyes and go on walking.
    D．They will laugh at him.
    小题3:We learn from the last paragraph that if we spot ttouble,           ．
    A．we sbould call the ambulance as soon as we can.
    B．we should take on the whole responsibility and do something alone.
    C．we should stop and evaluate the situation and try to make other people follow.
    D．we should turn to other people and ask them to take on the responsibility
    小题4:In order to offer others your timely help, you need to        ．
    A．ask others for help and call the police
    B．get along well with the passers-by who spot the trouble
    C．go directly to the police station
    D．work against the rirst thoughts that prevent you offering help
    小题5:The main purpose of the text is to tell readers        ．
    A．to give others a handB．to be more competent
    C．not to risk looking foolishD．to stop and evaluate the situation

    小题1:B
    小题2:C
    小题3:C
    小题4:D
    小题5:A
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to grandma’s generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday best.
    But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware (粗陶) and stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times.
    Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000 jobs－one-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.
    Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend” toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television.
    Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that it’s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real” dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish the silver? Who has time?
    Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette (礼节) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents (“Chew with your mouth closed.” “Keep your elbows off the table.”) must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be able professionally but inexperienced socially.
    67．Why do people tend to follow the trend to casual dining?
    A. Family members need more time to relax.
    B. Busy schedules leave people no time for formality.
    C. People prefer to live a comfortable life.
    D. Young people won’t follow the etiquette of the older generation
    68．It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is ________.
    A. a seller of stainless steel tableware                      B. a dealer in stoneware
    C. a pottery chain store                                                 D. a producer of fine china
    69．The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is ________.
    A. the increased value of the pound                          
    B. the worsening economy in Asia
    C. the change in people’s way of life
    D. the fierce competition at home and abroad
    70．Formal table manners, though less popular than before in current social life, ________.
    A. are still a must on certain occasions                     B. are certain to return sooner or later
    C. are still being taught by parents at home                    D. can help improve personal relationships

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    C
    How has smoking been controlled in recent years?
    People were asked to stop smoking in a range of public places—such as doctors’ surgeries, cinemas, theatres and churches—over the second half of the 20th century but it was after the King’s Cross Underground fire on November 18, 1987, caused by a cigarette end which resulted in 31 deaths, that restrictions on smoking in public places gained rapid and widespread acceptance.
    How did a ban on smoking in public places come into place?
    In 1998 the Smoking Kills White Paper set out a national strategy to reduce smoking prevalence (流行) and passive smoking, including in public places. The measures were voluntary and poorly carried out. After a public conference in England in 2004, the Government decided to choose for lawmaking. Scotland went first, with a ban in 2006, followed by the other nations a year later. 
    What is the current law?
    Any person who smokes in enclosed public places, including pubs, offices, on public transport and work vehicles, is breaking the law. It does not extend to private houses. It is also an offence for people in charge of premises (营业场所) to permit others to smoke in them.
    How was it received?
    It was welcomed by most organizations—except for some pub owners and restaurateurs. Many workplaces in the UK had already introduced smoke-free policies consistent with the legislation (法律，法规) before it was carried out, while others have gone beyond its basic requirements.
    All railway facilities, including platforms, footbridges and other areas—whether or not fitting the definition of an enclosed public space—are covered, as are all football grounds and some cricket and athletics stadiums. School grounds are not required to be smoke-free under the legislation, but the majority now are.
    How has it been forced?
    Compliance (服从) in public premises has been high, with inspections suggesting that 99 per cent of places were sticking to the rules. The number of people charged for smoking in cars has been very low, which was due to the problems defining and identifying “work” vehicles. They said that a total ban on smoking in vehicles would end this confusion.
    Has it improved health?
    Studies in early adopters of the law, including in Scotland, suggest a reduction in hospital admissions for heart disease, which has been shown to be linked to passive smoking. There is also strong evidence of improved rates of smoking end and a drop in the number of cigarettes consumed by those who continue to smoke.
    63. When did the first law come out to ban smoking in public places?
    A. 1987.                   B. 1998.                    C. 2004.                   D. 2006.
    64. Which of the following behaviors may NOT be against the law?
    A. Jack often smokes in the office when he is alone.
    B. A taxi driver is smoking with a lady in his car.
    C. Tom smokes while thinking of his future at home.
    D. Max smokes for relaxation during time-out in the stadium.
    65. Who might feel unhappy about the law according to the article?
    A. A restaurant owner.   B. A company manager. C. A car owner.             D. A policy maker.
    66. What can you infer from the article?
    A. Most heart diseases have been proved to be linked to passive smoking.
    B. A new law will soon come out with a total ban on smoking in vehicles.
    C. The 1987 fire has convinced more people that smoking is bad for health.
    D. Most of the school grounds are not smoke-free, as it is not banned in the law.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    C
    Are you afraid of change? Whether it is you personally or the working/living environment around you that changes, change will happen, it’s one guarantee I can give you and if you want success you need to make changes too.
    Throughout the history of mankind changes have happened and they will continue to do so until the end of time. I do not think I need give you a list of any of these events they are obvious to us all.
    Where are you going with this Steve, I hear you saying to yourself, everyone knows that changes happen all the time and we as human beings adapt accordingly. Well, yes, I agree with you to a point, but in that case why are we all not living the life we want in the world we want?
    Because some of us resist change, because we are afraid of the unknown factors that change may bring into our lives.
    Stop resisting and the changes will happen automatically, that is what happened to me when I started using hypnosis（睡眠状态） and mediation （沉思）to help me come to terms with the changes I needed to make to get out of Going Nowhere Land. I honestly believe that if I had not lost my fear of change when I did that there is absolutely no way that I would be enjoying life and the success I am having as much as I do at this moment in time.
    My intention is to carry on enjoying life to the full and to successfully help others to do the same and if that means making even more changes to my life, as it surely will, then bring them on and let’s get started.
    It does not matter if you start off making small changes like getting up early so that you can share breakfast with your loved ones, take some exercise or meditating before going to work, start making those changes now. By getting into the habit of making changes, you will accept change into your life, you will begin to change more of your old habits into new and better ones and even enjoy the feeling that making those changes brings and the success that comes with them.
    64. Which would be the best title for the passage?
    A. Are you afraid of change?        B. Changing for success.
    C. Why do you resist change.         D. Change brings happiness.
    65. The underlined phrase “come to terms with” in the fifth paragraph probably means “_______ “
    A. reach an agreement with            B. fight against
    C. accept something unpleasant         D. overcome the bad consequences of
    66. From the fifth paragraph we can infer that ___________.
    A. the author has never been afraid of changes in his life.
    B. the author used to believe that changes happened automatically
    C. the author is still not satisfied with his present situation
    D. the author had experienced a period of frustration(挫折) in his life
    67. In the last paragraph, the author intends to ________.
    A. list the necessary changes we ought to make
    B. advise us to make any necessary changes
    C. explain what changes can bring
    D. explain the progress of making changes

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    In a great many cities, hundreds of people ride bicycles to work every day. In New York, some bike riders have even formed a group called Bike for a Better City. They declare that if more people rode bicycles to work, there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown part of the city and so less dirty air from car engines.
    For several years this group has been trying to get the city government to help bicycle riders. For example, they want the city to draw special lanes（车道）for bicycles only on some of the main streets, because when bicycle riders must use the same lanes as cars, there are accidents. Bike for a Better City feels that if there were special lanes, more people would use bikes.
    But no bicycle lanes have been drawn. Not everyone thinks it is a good idea—they say it will slow traffic. Some storeowners on the main streets don’t like the idea—they say that if there is less traffic, they will have less business.
    The city government has not yet decided what to do. It wants to keep everyone happy. On weekends, Central Park—the largest place of open ground in New York—is closed to cars, and the roads may be used by bicycles only.
    But Bike for a Better City says that this is not enough and keeps fighting to get bicycle lanes downtown.
    65. In New York, a group of bike riders______.
    A. are keeping practising for health
    B. have no cars of their own
    C. are complaining（埋怨）there are not enough buses
    D. are trying to settle the problem of air pollution
    66. The bike riders suggest that______.
    A. bicycles should be used instead of cars
    B. bicycle lanes should be drawn
    C. fewer buses or cars should be used
    D. the number of special lanes should be increased
    67. The advantage of the special lanes is that______.
    A. they will make cars and buses run slowly
    B. they will make it easier for bike riders to go to parks
    C. they will make the city more beautiful
    D. the lanes will prevent accidents
    68. The government has not decided whether special lanes should be drawn______.
    A. so that everyone is disappointed
    B. because there are different opinions
    C. because most people travel by train
    D. because Bike for a Better City is not strong enough

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    (B)
    We’re not suggesting that you should reach a permanent state called “happiness” and remain there. But there are many ways to keep away from anxiety, anger, frustration and sadness. Here are some ideas to get you started. Choose the ones that work for you.
    Practice mindfulness. Focus on the present. Instead of worrying about what you should do tomorrow while you’re having dinner with your family, focus on the here and now—the food, your families, the conversation.
    Sing along. Studies fine music activates parts of the brain that produce happiness. In one study, older adults who listened to their choice of music during eye surgery had significantly lower heart rate and blood pressure than those who had silent surgery.
    Go to sleep. We have become a nation of sleep-deprived citizens. Taking a daily nap or getting into bed at 8 p.m. at night with a good book and turning the light out an hour later can do more for your mood than any number of bubble baths or massages.
    Make a list. There’s nothing like writing down your tasks to help you organize your thoughts and calm your anxiety. Checking off each item provides a great sense of fulfillment.
    Visit a quiet place. Libraries, museums, gardens, and places of worship(礼拜场所) provide islands of peace and calm in today’s world. Find a quiet place near your house and make it your secret getaway.
    Volunteer. Helping others enables you to put your own problems into perspective(客观判断力) and also provides social interaction. While happy people are more likely to help others, helping others increases your happiness. One study found that volunteer work enhanced all four aspects of well-being: happiness, life satisfaction, self-esteem and sense of control over life.
    41. According to the passage, which of the following ways can keep you away from bad moods?
    A. Staying with your family.                        B. Having a lot of money.
    C. Having enough sleep.                              D. Travelling.
    42. As stared in the text, ______can reduce the risk of operation.
    A. taking a nap when having surgery             B. finding a quiet place to perform surgery
    C. keeping quiet when having surgery          D. listening to music when having surgery
    43. Making a list of your tasks and checking them off can ________ yourself.
    A. encourage      B. satisfy        C. improve       D. change
    44. You’d better not go to _______if you want to keep quiet and calm.
    A. libraries        B. churches     C. supermarkets     D. gardens
    45. According to the passage, why can helping others increase your happiness?
    A. Because it’s a good way to relax.
    B. Because happy people are more likely to help others.
    C. Because it enable you to see your own problems clearly.
    D. Because it can enhance your health.  

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）
    阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
    A
    Is there something that you’ve always wanted to try but just never had the time? Well, make plans to try it now since you are on summer vacation．Not all vacations call for taking a tour bus to take photos of famous landmarks. Some vacations allow you plenty of opportunities to learn.
    The most difficult aspect of a learning vacation vacation may be choosing one because the possibilities are endless．If you enjoy cooking, various companies can take you to Italy, France, Spain, Mexico or even Peru. Once there, you can learn to prepare the local cuisine（烹饪）. Trips are often planned to fit in with local food festivals or special events.
    The term “learning vacation” often brings language to mind. The best way to learn a language is in an environment where it’s spoken. Study Spanish, French or English. Or attempt a more unusual language like Polish, Estonian or Thai. You’ll be able to learn about the country and absorb the culture at the same time.
    If you are fond of sports, you can polish your skills or learn new ones. Golf and tennis schools welcome players of all levels. If you want a bigger thrill, you can learn to surf, go climbing or race cars. It’s even possible to learn the art and techniques of bull fighting while on vacation!
    You can also discover our inner artist. Many places offer painting classes in different mediums. The scenic locations of the schools offer plenty of subjects that provide inspiration for practice.
    If you prefer capturing the world on film, take a photography vacation. Travel with a small group to photograph beautiful animals or scenery. You can also practise your technique on people or at historical sights.
    Once you decide on a vacation, choose a company carefully. Request names of recent customers you can contact, and then ask them for an evaluation. The more you know before you go, the better prepared you’ll be. Then go out and learn something!
    56．Why is it hard for you to decide on a learning vacation?
    A．Because it is hard for you to make plans.
    B．Because the possibilities are unlimited.
    C．Because there are many good foods from abroad.
    D．Because there’re too many food festivals or events.
    57．The advantages of learning a language in its native country is that______.
    A．the environment is fit for you to use the language
    B．you are able to learn the original foreign language
    C．native speakers offer you a lot of chances to practise
    D．you can learn the language and experience its culture
    58．Which of the following sports suit you if you don’t like thrills?
    A．Car racing.      B．Playing tennis. C．Rock climb.     D．Surfing.
    59．The structure of the text would be          .


     

     
    60．The purpose of writing the text is to         .
    A．advertise some popular summer programmes
    B．encourage readers to have a good time relaxing
    C．offer some tips on how to enjoy a learning vacation
    D．attract more readers to spend summer time learning

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    I'm from the South Bronx. At 7, my neighborhood was the beginning and end of my universe. It was a small town to me. Everyone knew each other, so if you got into trouble in school, chances are your mom knew about it before you got home. I felt watched over and safe.
    But just before I turned 8, things began to change. I watched two buildings on my block burn down. I remember seeing my neighbor Pito go up and down the fire escape to get people out. Where were the firemen? Where was the truck? Somebody must have called them.
    That same summer, after serving two tours in Vietnam, my brother was killed in the South Bronx. He was shot above the left eye and died instantly.  
    People who could moved out of the neighborhood, and all I wanted to do was get out, too. I used education to get away from there and got good at avoiding the topic of where I was from. To be from the South Bronx meant that you were not a good person. It felt like a stain.
    After college, I didn't want to come back to the South Bronx, but in order to afford graduate school, I had to. I was almost 30 and could only afford to live at my parents' home. It felt like a defeat, and I hated it.
    At the same time, the city was planning a huge waste facility here, and no one seemed to care — including many of us who lived here. They were like, "Well, it's a poor community; what's the difference?"
    I was very angry. It drove me to act. It moved my spirit in a way that I didn't know was possible. And it changed my beliefs — it changed the way I felt about myself and my community. I worked hard with others who felt the same way, and together, we defeated the plan.
    After that, I realized it's just as important to fight for something as it is to fight against something. So we dreamed up a new park on the site of an illegal waste dump — and after many community clean-ups, along with $3 million from the city, we have one. And it's a glory. It was the seed from which many new plans for our community have grown.
    Today, the South Bronx is no longer a stain; it's a badge(象征) of honor for me. I believe that where I'm from helps me to really see the world. Today, when I say I'm from the South Bronx, I stand up straight. This is home, and it always will be.
    41. Paragraphs 2 and 3 make the readers believe ____________.
    A. the author felt watched over and safe
    B. he author’s brother was a bad man
    C. the author’s neighbor Pito was braver than a fireman
    D. the author felt his hometown was not a safe place to live in
    42. The author went back to the South Bronx after college because ____________.
    A. he couldn’t afford to live without his parents’ help
    B. he loved his hometown very much
    C. he was defeated in studies at college
    D. he almost reached the age of 30
    43. The underlined sentences(Paragraph 2) imply that ____________.
    A. the author wondered where the firemen and the truck were
    B. the author wanted someone to call the firemen
    C. the firemen didn’t come to help although called
    D. the firemen didn’t find a place to park the truck
    44. What does the author want to convey in the passage?
    A. Great changes have taken place in the South Bronx.
    B. The South Bronx is a beautiful place.  
    C. You can make a difference to your hometown if you act.
    D. Everyone should love his hometown.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    B
    Honesty may well be the policy, but it often deserts us when no one is watching, psychologists report today. Experiments with an honesty box to collect payments for hot drinks show that people are better at paying up when under the gaze(注视) of a pair of eyes. The surprise was that the eyes were not real, but photographed.
    Researchers at Newcastle University set up the experiment in secret. They attached a poster to a cupboard of mugs above an-honesty box alongside a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk. Over 10 weeks, they alternated each week between images of eyes and pictures of flowers.
    Dr. Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study, said that even though the eyes were not real they still seemed to make people behave more honestly. They effect may arise from behavioral characteristics that developed as early humans formed social groups that increased their chances of survival. Individuals had to co-operate for the good of the group, rather than act selfishly.
    "If nobody is watching us it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we think we're being watched we should behave better, so people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us, "Dr. Bateson said.
    "We thought we'd get a slight effect with eyes, but it was quite striking how much difference they made. Even at a subconscious(潜意识的) level, it seems people respond to eyes, and that might be because eyes send a strong biological signal we have evolved(进化) to respond to."
    The finding, which researchers believe sheds light on our evolutionary past, could be turned to practical use. The psychologists say images of eyes could promote ticket sales on public transport and improve monitor systems to prevent antisocial behavior.
    45. This passage is mainly about _______________.
    A. the policy of honesty            B. an honesty box to collect money
    C. evolution on honesty              D. an experiment on honesty
    46. The reason for doing the experiment secretly is that the researchers _____________.
    A. wanted to get a comparatively more exact result
    B. had known they wanted to do something illegally
    C. meant to get the co-operation of their colleagues
    D. intended to sell the hot drinks at a higher price
    47. People behave honestly under watchful gaze of eyes because _____________.
    A. they want to leave a good impression   B. they fear to be laughed at by others
    C. they've got the nature through evolution D. they take the photo for a real pair of eyes
    48. Images of a pair of eyes can be applied to all except _____.
    A. tickets sales on public transport        B. cold drink sales in public places
    C. places with “No spitting!” signs         D. Christmas decorations in one’s home

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