Question

【题目】Why College Is Not Home

The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.

For previous generations, college was a decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.

To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves ＂trying on ＂ new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually and personally. While we should provide ＂safe spaces＂ within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning.

Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.

Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.

It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.

Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.

【1】What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?

A. Sympathetic. B. Neutral.

C. Supportive. D. Disapproving.

【2】According to the author, what role should college play?

A. To develop a shared identity among students.

B. To foster students’ intellectual and personal development.

C. To provide a safe world without tension for students.

D. To define and regulate students’ social behavior.

【3】Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

I: Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点) C:Conclusion

A. B.

C. D.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 D

【2】 B

【3】 C

【解析】

大学不是温暖的家，也不能成为学生的家。大学时期是应该培养学生自主性和自我同一性的重要时期，大学是孩子脱离父母控制的决定性时期，因此学校不应该成为像家庭一样让孩子依赖的地方。

【1】推理判断题。根据第一段The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, ……可知作者认为大学不应该成为孩子们依赖的“家”，应该让孩子独立发展。这说明作者不赞成父母继续指导孩子上大学。故选D.

【2】推理判断题。根据第一段The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity.和最后两段中there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth. ……should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.等内容可知作者认为大学应该是学生发展自主性和责任的地方，是增长经验和知识的地方，是培养学生自主和自律，自我保护和自我发现的地方。故选B.

【3】推理判断题。第一段介绍本文主题——大学应该是学生发展自主性和责任的地方；下面分两个要点说明父母和大学应该怎样做，根据第四段Learning to deal with the social world is equally important.中的equally important和第五段中的Moreover可知第四段和第五段是第三段的次要论点，文章最后是结论。故选C.