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Yours Faithfully
Jane Blair£®

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Jane Blair£®
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15£®I break off a piece of candy and take pleasure in its sweet outside and the bitter£¬dark chocolate inside£¬thinking of my own life£®Being raised by a single parent was a bitter-sweet £¨36£©D£¬which gave me motivation and ambition£®
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20£®Family structure is the core of any culture£®A major function of the family is to socialize new members ofa culture£®As children are raised in a family setting£¬they learn to become members of the family as well as members of the larger culture£®The family provides the model for all other relationships in society£®Through the observations and modeling of the behavior of other family members£¬children learn about the family and society including the values of the culture£®Family structure and their inherent relationships and obligations are a major source of cultural difference£®
The family is the center of most traditional Asians'lives£®Many people worry about their families'welfare£¬reputation£¬and honor£®Asian families are often extended£¬including several generations related by blood or marriage living in the same home£®An Asian person's misdeeds are not blamed just on the individual but also on the family-including the dead ancestors£®
Traditional Chinese£¬among many other Asians£¬respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty toward them£®Children repay their parents'sacrifices by being successful and supporting them in old age£®This is accepted as a natural part of life in China£®In contrast£¬taking care of aged parents is often viewed as tremendous burden in the United States£¬where aging and family support are not honored highly£®
The Vietnamese family consists of people currently alive as well as the spirits of the dead and of the as-yet unborn£®Any decisions or actions are done from family considerations£¬not individual¡¡desires£®People's behavior is judged on whether it brings shame or pride to the family£®Vietnamese children are trained to rely on their families£¬to honor elderly people£¬and to fear foreigners£®Many Vietnamese think that their actions in this life will influence their status in the next life£®
Fathers in traditional Japanese families are typically strict and distant£®Japanese college students in one study said they would tell their fathers just about as much as they would tell a total stranger£®The emotional and communication barrier between children and fathers in Japan appears very strong after children have reached a certain age£®
Although there has been much talk about"family values"in the United States£¬the family is not a usual frame of reference for decisions in U£®S£®mainstream culture£®Family connections are not so important to most people£®Dropping the names of wealthy or famous people the family knows is done in the United States£¬but it is not viewed positively£®More important is a person's own individual"track record"of personal achievement£®
Thus£¬many cultural differences exist in family structures and values£®In some cultures£¬the family is the center of life and the main frame of reference for decisions£®In other cultures£¬the individuals£¬not the family£¬is primary£®In some cultures£¬the family's reputation and honor depend on each person's actions£» in other cultures£¬individuals can act without permanently affecting the family life£®Some cultures value old people£¬while other cultures look down on them£®
£¨Adapted from R£®L£®Oxford & R£®C£®Scarcella£¬"A Few Family Structures and Values Around the Globe"£©
OutlineSupporting details
£¨71£©IntroductionA to family structureFamily structure is of great £¨72£©importance/significanceA in different cultures£®
Children raised in a family will gradually learn how to £¨73£©behaveA in a way which is acceptable in their culture or setting£®
'Many cultural differences £¨74£©arise/result/come/originateA from family structures£®
Examples of
Asian families
Traditional Asians £¨75£©center/centreA their lives around family£®Not only the individual but the family is to £¨76£©blameA for any wrongdoings£®
O In China£¬parents'sacrific es will probably £¨77£©payoff when children grow up£®Children will also provide for the elders£®
O In Vietnam£¬it's not from the personal desires but from family considerations that decisions or actions are done£®
In Japan£¬children are £¨78£©unwilling/reluctant/afraidA to share their emotions with father£¬thus making communication difficult£®
Examples of families in the USA Americans don't lay much emphasis on family values£®£¨79£©Instead/HoweverA personal achievement is considered more important£®
ConclusionFamily structures and values £¨80£©vary/differA     in different cultures£®

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