Question

【题目】 Lead has proved to be a useful metal. 【1】 It goes into car batteries and also helps make bright pigments, used to paint walls, metal work and toys.

【2】 In the worst cases it causes comas（昏迷）and death. More often its effects are slow but harmful. Research shows that lead is a threat to little babies, who are most likely to take in dust and paint chips that contain lead. Their brains can be easily harmed. 【3】

The dangers of lead have long been known. American banned it from paint 40 years ago, and by the late 1990s leaded petrol had been stopped gradually in almost all rich countries. But the effects continue to exist. 【4】 The situation is more alarming in the poor world, where the use of lead-based paints is spreading. As people in Asia and Africa become richer, they start to decorate their homes, but the paint they use, even from pots labeled "lead-free" often contains it.

It is neither difficult nor expensive to stop using lead. 【5】 And industrial use is no exception, because the contamination （污染物）spreads and industrial paint inevitably finds its way into the consumer market. Yet only four sub-Saharan African countries have formally placed bans and local factories are often unaware of the harm that lead causes.

A. Yet lead is also a poison.

B. It turns up everywhere.

C. All countries should ban lead in paint.

D. Half a million American children are diagnosed with lead poisoning.

E. There is no excuse for poor countries to repeat the mistake of rich ones.

F. Taking some simple precautions can help protect you and your family from lead exposure.

G. But only years after exposure are the results apparent in lower IQ and learning disabilities.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】G

【4】D

【5】C

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了铅的应用及危害。

【1】根据空后的“It goes into car batteries and also helps make bright pigments, used to paint walls, metal work and toys.”可知，它可用于汽车电池，也可用于制造明亮的颜料，用于粉刷墙壁、金属制品和玩具，故B项（它的应用很广泛）符合语境。

【2】根据空后的“In the worst cases it causes comas（昏迷）and death.”可知，在最严重的情况是它可以导致昏迷和死亡，故A项（然而，铅也有毒）符合语境。

【3】根据空前的“Research shows that lead is a threat to little babies, who are most likely to take in dust and paint chips that contain lead. Their brains can be easily harmed.”可知，研究表明，铅对婴儿是一种威胁，他们最有可能吸入含有铅的灰尘和涂料碎片，这让他们的大脑很容易受到伤害，故G项（但仅仅几年之后，这一结果就在智商和学习障碍方面显现出来）符合语境。

【4】根据空前的“But the effects continue to exist.”可知，铅的影响仍然存在，此处举例说明它的影响，故D项（50万美国儿童被诊断出铅中毒）符合语境。

【5】根据空后的“And industrial use is no exception”可知，应全面禁止铅的使用，工业用途也不例外，故C项（所有国家都应该禁止涂料中含铅）符合语境。