Question

【题目】 Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some kind, football, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering.

Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.

Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.

If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a "team game". We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no "matches" between teams of climbers, but when climbers are on a rockface linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously team work. The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature, his sport requires high mental and physical qualities.

A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.

【1】Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A.Differences between Golf and Mountaineering.B.Sports and Games.

C.Mountaineering.D.Why are so many people crazy about mountaineering?

【2】The mountaineering can also be called a team sport because_______.

A.mountain climbers usually compete in groups

B.mountaineers depend on each other while climbing

C.mountaineering climbers are free to use their own rules to climb

D.mountaineering is a sport not a game

【3】The biggest difference between golf and mountaineering lies in_______.

A.team gameB.enjoyment

C.ageD.rules

【4】In the author's opinion, one of the most important reason why so many people enjoy mountaineering is that_______.

A.there are no man-made rules for mountaineers

B.mountaineering is a sport and not a game

C.it is one of the most dangerous sports

D.mountaineering bring us more enjoyment than other sports

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了登山运动，包括以下几个方面：登山是一项运动，而不是游戏。解释了人们愿意忍受寒冷和困苦，在高山上冒险的原因，即没有规则的束缚；登山队之间没有“比赛”，但有团队合作；登山运动员的技巧逐年提高。

【1】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要围绕着登山展开，介绍了登山是一项运动，而不是游戏；登山队之间没有“比赛”，但有团队合作；登山运动员的登攀技巧逐年提高。故C选项“登山运动”为文章最佳标题。故选C项。

【2】细节理解题。由第四段“There are, it is true, no ‘matches’ between teams of climbers, but when climbers are on a rockface linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously team work.”登山队之间没有“比赛”，但当登山者处在一个由绳索连接的岩石表面上时，他们的生命系于绳索上，显然此时要靠团队合作。由此可知登山运动也被称为团队运动是因为登山者在登山过程中是要互相帮助，互相依靠。故选B项。

【3】细节理解题。由第三段“There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football.”可知在高尔夫和足球这类比赛中存在由人制定的规则，而登山运动没有。这就是高尔夫和登山运动之间最大的区别。故选D项。

【4】细节理解题。由第三段“but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. ”（但正是因为登山中人们不受人定规则的束缚，使登山吸引了许多人。） 可知作者认为，人们享受登山运动的最重要原因之一就是登山者不受人定规则的束缚。故选A项。

主旨大意题解题技巧

(1) 要在阅读原文基础上，仔细考虑选项是否与文章主题有密切联系；

(2) 再看选项对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何；

(3) 要注意题目是否过大或者过小；

(4) 要避免下列三种错误：概括不够(多表现为部分代整体，导致范围过小)、过度概括(多表现为扩大范围)、以事实、细节代替抽象概括的大意。

如第1小题，要求选择最佳标题，A项（高尔夫和登山的区别）作为标题概括不够，B项（运动和游戏）作为标题过度概括，D项（为什么这么多人热衷于登山）以事实、细节代替抽象概括的大意，故选择C项为最佳标题。