8.A patent is the tool that can be used to prevent people from making,selling,offering to sell or importing the patented items without permission.According to the patent law,any person who"invents any new and useful process,machine,or composition (成分) of matter,or any new and useful improvement may obtain a patent."
The law has described the limits of the field of subject matter that can be patented,and thus it has been held that the laws of nature,physical phenomena,and abstract ideas are not patentable subject matter.A patent cannot be obtained upon just an idea or suggestion.
In order for an invention to be patentable it must be new as described in the patent law,which also states that an invention cannot be patented if:"(a) the invention was known or used by others in this country",or"(b)the invention was patented or described in a printed publication in this or a foreign country",(c) the invention was in public use or on sale in this country more than one year before the application for patent".
Moreover,even if the subject matter sought to be patented is not exactly shown by the previous art,and involves one or more differences over the most nearly similar thing already known,a patent may still be refused.The subject matter sought to be patented must be fully different from what has been used or described before in the area of technology related to the invention.For example,the substitutions of one color for another,or changes in size,are not patentable.
56.We can learn from the text that a patentB.
A.is a legal limit to the spread of most new inventions
B.serves as an effective tool to protect inventors'rights
C.proves necessary when people want to invent something
D.is a permit for using a new invention by the inventor
57.Which of the following can not be patented according to the patent law?D
A.A new computing tool. B.A new packaging for a product.
C.A new waste treatment method. D.A new economic theory.
58.We can infer from the text thatB.
A.it's not easy to put new inventions into production
B.there are strict criteria for applying for a patent
C.a patent will not be applicable in some countries
D.the patent law differs greatly between countries
59.The author writes this text in order to tell usC.
A.there are few inventions that can be patented
B.how to avoid failing to get a patent for a new invention
C.what can or can't be patented under the patent law
D.how to bring the patent law into force.
分析 本文主要讲述在现有法律下哪些可以申请专利,哪些不可以申请专利.
解答 BDBC
56 B 细节题. 根据文章第一 段A patent is the tool that can be used to prevent people from making,selling,offering to sell or importing the patented items without permission. 可知专利是保护发明者权利的一种工具,故选B.
57 D 细节题. 根据文章第二 段 it has been held that the laws of nature,physical phenomena,and abstract ideas are not patentable subject matter. 可知像经济理论这样的抽象想法不能申请专利,故选D.
58 B 推理判断题. 根据文章最后一段 Moreover,even if the subject matter sought to be patented is not exactly shown by the previous art,and involves one or more differences over the most nearly similar thing already known,a patent may still be refused可知专利申请的标准是非常严格的,故选B.
59 C 主旨大意题. 通读全文可知本文主要讲述在现有法律下哪些可以申请专利,哪些不可以申请专利.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.