根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多余选项。
Urbanization
Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human being lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. _1._ In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.
Britain was only the beginning. _2.__ The process of urbanization—the migration (迁徙) of people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.
In 1900, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. __3.__
Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety?five people on farms to feed five people in cities.__ 4.__ Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite (精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus（过剩）food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.
Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.__ 5._ Today, instead of needing ninety?five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non?farmers.
A．That kept cities very small.
B．The rest live in small towns.
C．The effects of urban living on people should be considered
D．Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.
E．But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.
F．Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.
G．Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.
科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年山西太原市高二5月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span (寿命) can be prolonged.
Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial (皇家的) family being a good example, have hereditary diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.
Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep, therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.
1.What does “them” in the second paragraph refer to ?
A. People with cancer or heart disease.
B. Millions of people with serious diseases.
C. Some diseases doctors can do nothing with.
D. The two illnesses of cancer and heart disease
2.What can gene technology do according to paragraph three?
A. It can help the English imperial family out.
B. It can be used to clone human babies.
C. It can help people to give birth of a baby.
D. It is likely to treat hereditary diseases.
3.What are people worried about according to the passage?
A. Human babies may be cloned in a large scale.
B. Healthy human babies will soon be cloned.
C. Scientists may well find the wrong genes.
D. The government may not control gene techs.
4.This passage is mainly written to _________________.
A. show gene technology will benefit people
B. show gene technology will do harm as well
C. tell that gene technology is a hot topic
D. tell that gene technology is growing fast
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年湖北孝感高中高二5月调考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A big storm took us by surprise. We didn’t _________ to be hit hard so we didn’t leave our home. When we realized our yard was _________ and more water was coming, it was too late to move.
We had to climb on top of the _________ to get away from the water after it started entering the house. The _________went off, it was extremely dark and we were _________ . We had to tie ourselves to each other, because the _________was very strong. I had my laptop with me and kept posting cries for _________. We stayed on the roof for eight hours _________ we were rescued.
It was a _________ night. Some people in our neighborhood lost their lives. Many houses were completely_________ . Our neighbor’s roof was blown away. _________ , although our house was also hit, it remained pretty much intact（完整的）.
At present, we keep going back, taking many photos — a(n) _________ by the insurance company. We expect them to come at some point, make an assessment of the damage, and then hopefully, _________ our losses. It’s the beginning of a long process. And I’m particularly _________ that my university projects were lost. That means more work for me and I am due to graduate in December.
We are now _________at a friend’s house in Brooklyn. We won’t be able to return to our house in months. There’s no information about the support for the_________ of this storm. All we hear is to go to the evacuation（疏散）shelter.
But now I’m _________ because my family and I are alive. And it’s important to _________ that there are still people _________ food, shelter, or gas in the cold weather. It’s a truly horrible time for the city now but I believe everything will _________ .
1.A. decide B. expect C. wait D. prepare
2.A. closed B. measured C. flooded D. cleaned
3.A. trees B. roof C. tower D. tables
4.A. fire B. house C. power D. radio
5.A. excited B. puzzled C. frightened D. embarrassed
6.A. light B. building C. rope D. wind
7.A. help B. forgiveness C. safety D. goodness
8.A. before B. unless C. since D. because
9.A. clear B. fantastic C. surprising D. terrible
10.A. burnt B. destroyed C. stolen D. sold
11.A. Conveniently B. Exactly C. Luckily D. Rarely
12.A. instruction B. requirement C. application D. command
13.A. realize B. choose C. find D. cover
14.A. guilty B. shocked C. bored D. upset
15.A. staying B. pointing C. calling D. working
16.A. results B. victims C. records D. experiences
17.A. hopeful B. proud C. grateful D. brave
18.A. forget B. explain C. warn D. remember
19.A. for B. without C. against D. plus
20.A. disappear B. count C. happen D. change
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河北邢台市高一6月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在此处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在下面写出增加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉；
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
My name is Julie. As a nurse I work in a school to make sure that our children are health and able to learn. I work with teachers, school doctors and other to offer them some advices and help them when they have difficulties. I enjoy my job because I love being with children. They were very active and lovely. I am very glad stay with them so I feel much young than before. They are honest about what they feel --- glad or sad. When the children are ill, I try my best to take a good care of them. When they are sad, I always make them happy. They also love me but sometimes give me apples and candies by return.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河北邢台市高一6月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
To celebrate the end of our exams, my friends and I went to a fast food restaurant. We ordered hamburgers and Coca Cola at the counter. When our food came, I started walking towards an empty table. By bad luck, my purse strap (带子) got caught on a chair and the tray (托盘) that I was holding slipped from my hands and went flying in the air. The tray, and its contents, fell on a man who was just about to take a bite of his sandwich. I stared, greatly shocked , as the drinks soaked (浸湿) his white shirt.
Then I closed my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of anger. Instead, he said “It's OK” to comfort me before he disappeared into the washroom.
Still shaky and unsure what to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best to look calm. A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and approached our table. My heart almost stopped beating. I thought he was going to ask for my father' s number and call him. To my surprise, he merely smiled at us, handed us some cash and said, “Buy yourself new hamburgers.” He then walked away without even finishing his food.
He could have made what was already an uncomfortable situation worse, but he chose a different way and gave us a reason to believe that there is still kindness in this world. I'll never forget his actions.
1.What happened to the author in the restaurant?
A. She fell down to the ground.
B. She celebrated passing the exams.
C. Her purse strap got broken suddenly.
D. Her tray slipped and made a man's shirt dirty.
2.What do we know about the man?
A. He was very rich.
B. He was kind and forgiving.
C. He made the situation worse.
D. He enjoyed his food in the restaurant.
3.How did the author feel about the whole incident?
A. Angry. B. Calm.
C. Moved. D. Regretful.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016年江西铅山一中等四校高一下第二次月考英语卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
书面表达
假定你是李华.请你给笔友Peter写封信,告诉他你叔叔李明将去他所在城市开会,带去他想要的那幅中国画,同时询问他是否可以接机.信中还需说明:
李明:高个子,戴眼镜
航班号:CA985
到达：8月6日 上午11:30
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好.
Dear Peter,
How are you doing?____________________________________________________
…
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016年江西铅山一中等四校高一下第二次月考英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The ida was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.
It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras(交响乐团). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.
At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years.
Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.
A paid administrator(管理人员) was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries . More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.
1.What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?
A. To honor heroes of World War II
B. To introduce young theatre groups
C. To attract great artists from Europe
D. To bring Europe together again
2.Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?
A. They came to take up a challenge
B. They thought they were also famous.
C. They wanted to take part in the festival
D. They owned a public house there
3.Who joined the “Fringe” after it appeared?
A. University students
B. Artists from around the world
C. Performers of music and dance
D. Popular writers
4.We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival .
A. has gone beyond an art festival
B. gives shows all year round
C. keeps growing rapidly
D. has become a non-official event
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年辽宁大石桥二中高二下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
What’s your opinion on spicy food? Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili(辣椒) in their dinner while others can’t get enough of it.
Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili and others loathe it. Plenty of research has been done on the subject, dating back to as far as the 1970s. Previous results showed that a love of chili is related to childhood experiences, and cultural influences affect our taste buds, too. But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported.
“We have always assumed that liking drives intake---we eat what we like and we like what we eat. But no one has actually directly bothered to connect these personality traits with intake of chili peppers,” said Professor John Hayes from Pennsylvania State University, who led the study.
But before you look at the study, you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste, unlike sour, sweet, bitter and salty. It is, in fact, a burning sensation that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people’s longing for thrill, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.
In the study, 97 participants, both male and female, were asked to fill out questionnaires about certain traits of their personality, for example. Whether they like new experiences or tend to avoid risks. They were then given cups of water with capsaicin(辣椒素), the plant chemical that makes chili burn, mixed into them.
By comparing the answers to questionnaires and what participants said they felt about the spicy water. Researchers found that those who most tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.
Interestingly, we used to believe that the reason some people can withstand spicy food is that their tongue have become less sensitive to it. However, this latest study has found otherwise. It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly, it’s that you actually learn to like the burn,” Hayes explained.
1.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “loathe” in the second paragraph?
A. dislike B. fear
C. put up with D. adapt to
2.What did Professor John Hayes and his team discover from their study?
A. what we eat actually helps to develop our personalities.
B. Males are more likely to enjoy spicy food than females.
C. Those trying to avoid risks tend to be less interested in spicy food.
D. People are wrong to treat spicy as a kind of taste rather than a feeling.
3.Why do some people like spicy food according to the recent study?
A. Because their taste buds have become less sensitive.
B. Because they love the burning sensation.
C. Because they want to challenge themselves.
D. Because the more they try spicy food, the less it burns.
4.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. What he or she likes to eat mainly decides on his or her personality.
B. That a person enjoys spicy food depends largely on the personality.
C. His or her childhood experiences decide on his or her personality.
D. His or her cultural background decides on his or her personality.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河北唐山开滦第二中学高一下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
This story took place in 1903. Adam, an American businessman, was carried out to sea by a strong wind. A ship 1._________ (spot) and rescued him, 2.______ was how he got to London by accident . He at once went to the American embassy 3._____ (ask) for help, but was refused. Two rich gentlemen invited him home because of a bet. They asked Adam a few questions, and Adam responded 4._____ a polite manner . They gave him a letter and asked him not to open it until two pm. Adam left wondering 5._______ would happen to him.
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