17.Social networking websites are causing alarming changes in the brains of young users,a famous scientist has warned.Sites such as Facebook,Twitter and Bebo are said to shorten attention spans (幅度),encourage instant satisfaction and make children more self-centered.
Warnings from neuroscientist (神经系统科学家) Susan Greenfield will disturb the millions whose social lives depend on surfing their favorite websites each day.But they will strike a chord (弦) with parents and teachers who complain that many teenagers lack the ability to communicate or concentrate away from their screens.
More than 150million use Facebook to keep in touch with friends,share photographs and videos and post regular updates of their movements and thoughts.A further six million have signed up to Twitter,the"micro-blogging"service that lets,users exchange text messages about themselves.But while the sites are popular and extremely profitable,a growing number of psychologists and neuroscientists believe they may be doing more harm than good.
Baroness Tarot,an Oxford University neuroscientist believes repeated exposure could rewire the brain.Computer games and fast-paced TV shows were also a factor,she said."My fear is that these technologies are weakening the brain to the state of small children who axe attracted by buzzing noises and bright lights,who have a small attention span and live for the moment.""I often wonder whether real conversation in real time may eventually give way to these easier and faster screen dialogues,in much the same way as killing and butchering an animal to eat has been replaced by the convenience of packages on the supermarket shelf,"she said.
Psychologists have also argued that digital technology is changing the way we think.They point out that students no longer need to plan their term papers before starting to write-thanks to word processors they can edit as they go along.
A study by the Broadcaster Audience Board found teenagers now spend seven and a half hours a day in front of a screen.Educational psychologist Jane Healy believes children should be kept away from computer games until they are seven.Most games only excite the"flight or fight"areas of the brain,rather than the areas responsible reasoning.
Sue Palmer,author of Toxic Childhood,said:"We are seeing children's brain development damaged because they don't engage in the activity they have engaged in for thousands of years.I'm not against technology and computers.But before they start social networking,they need to learn to make real relationships with people."
50.According to the passage,social networking websites mightC.
A.encourage young users constant satisfaction
B.lengthen young users'attention span
C.make young users more selfish
D.help young users communicate better with their families
51.A neuroscientist may worry that sites like Facebook mayD.
A.help children learn to make real relationships with people in society
B.encourage students not to plan their term papers before starting to write
C.disturb those whose social lives depend on surfing their favorite websites
D.make real conversation in real time give way to easier and faster screen dialogue
52.From the passage we can infer thatC.
A.Baroness Tarot agrees websites cause small children's small attention span
B.Jane Healy believes computer games can do good to children's reasoning
C.Susan Greenfield's warnings have been brought to wide public attention
D.Sue Palmer's book Toxic Childhood discusses the development of networking
53.What is the purpose of this passage?B
A.To tell us the conflict between neuroscientists and psychologists on websites.
B.To present some negative opinions on social networking websites.
C.To offer advice on the problem of brain damage caused by social networking.
D.To analyse how social networking websites cause damage in the brains of teenagers.
54.From Baroness Tarot's example of"killing and butchering an animal to eat",we can learn he is worried thatC.
A.technologies are weakening the brain to the state of small children
B.small children have a small attention span and live for the moment
C.real conversation in real time may be replaced by easier and faster screen dialogues
D.killing and butchering an animal to eat leads to the convenience of the supermarket.
分析 本文属于社会现象类的短文阅读.主要描述了一些社交网站如Facebook等使孩子过分依赖网络,整天沉浸在虚拟的社会中,过分迷恋网络游戏等,他们变得比较自私,不愿接触社会等,这引起了许多专家和普通大众的注意,并提出了一些切实的意见和忠告.
解答 50-54CDCBC
50.C.细节理解题.根据开头一段描述encourage instant satisfaction and make children more self-centered可知,社交网站会使得孩子获得自我满足感,并且更加以自我为中心,所以会变得更加自私;故选C.
51.D.细节理解题.根据第二段But they will strike a chord (弦) with parents and teachers who complain that many teenagers lack the ability to communicate or concentrate away from their screens.可知,孩子过分的依赖于社交网站如Facebook等,会使他们脱离现实而迷失自我,只会在虚拟的网络中沉迷;故选D.
52.C.推理判断题.根据第三段中But while the sites are popular and extremely profitable,a growing number of psychologists and neuroscientists believe they may be doing more harm than good.可知,越来越多的心理学家和神经系统科学家等都已经意识到这一问题的严重性,引起了公众的关注.所以C项正确.
53.B.写作意图题.通过对文章内容的阅读可知,本文主要的写作意图就是针对社交网络带给孩子的危害而提一些实质性的建议,以期引起大家的更多关注;故选B.
54.C.推理判断题.根据第四段中.""I often wonder whether real conversation in real time may eventually give way to these easier and faster screen dialogues,可知,他是在担心现实社会中的一些对话场景是否会让位给虚拟的世界,这是一个很令人关切的问题;故选C.
点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.